Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is caused by HIV virus?

  1. Mumps

  2. Plague

  3. AIDS

  4. Tuberculosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The virus attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells, making the body vulnerable to infections.

Multiple choice

Iron is an extremely important transition metal in biological systems. It helps to perform various biological functions, such as

  1. transport of O2 to tissues
  2. release of O2 to muscle cells
  3. cofactor to some enzymes

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Many enzymes vital to life contain iron, such as catalase, lipoxygenases, and IRE-BP. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein which transports O2 from the lungs to the tissues. Myoglobin, an iron-containing protein in muscle, receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells. Many enzymes vital to life contain iron, such as catalase, lipoxygenases, and IRE-BP.

Multiple choice

The function of white blood corpuscles is to

  1. Produce anti-bodies

  2. Give colour to blood

  3. Lubricate the body cells

  4. Produce red blood cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White blood corpuscles (leukocytes) produce antibodies as part of the immune system's defense mechanism. They identify and neutralize foreign substances like bacteria and viruses.

Multiple choice

Assertion: A, B, AB and O are the blood groups. Reason: The pH of the human blood is maintained between 7.36-7.42 by the action of blood buffers.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is true but R is false.

  4. A is false but R is true.

  5. Both A and R are false.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct,  because assertion and reason both are correct,  but correct explanation is: human blood groups differ due to different glycoproteins attached to the blood cells.

Multiple choice

The main function of testes is to produce ____________.

  1. sperms

  2. urine

  3. eggs

  4. enzymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The testes are the male gonads responsible for producing sperm (spermatogenesis) and testosterone. Urine is produced by kidneys, eggs by ovaries, and enzymes by various glands, but not primarily by testes.

Multiple choice

Which life process is not essential for survival of life?

  1. Digestion

  2. Respiration

  3. Excretion

  4. Reproduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Reproduction is essential for the survival of a species but not for the survival of an individual organism. An individual can live without ever reproducing. Digestion, respiration, and excretion are essential life processes that maintain the individual organism's survival. Without these processes, the individual organism would die quickly.

Multiple choice

Raynaud's phenomenon is observed in which of the following autoimmune diseases?

  1. Wegener's granulomatosis

  2. Systemic necrotizing vasculitides

  3. Sarcoidosis

  4. Diffuse scleroderma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Diffuse scleroderma can cause musculoskeletal, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal and other complications. Raynaud's phenomenon is observed in diffuse scleroderma. Raynaud's phenomenon causes excessive reduced blood flow in response to cold or emotional stress, discolouration of the fingers, toes and occasionally other areas.

Multiple choice

Inflammation of the eyes is known as

  1. otology

  2. opthalmia

  3. odontology

  4. overiology

  5. cataract
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ophthalmia is the medical term for inflammation of the eyes, covering various inflammatory conditions. Cataract is a specific eye condition (clouding of the lens) but not the general term for inflammation. Otology relates to ears, odontology to teeth, and 'overiology' is not a real medical term. Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine dealing with eyes.