Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice biology structure and functions of living organisms -ii dental care, eye care and hair care dental care and dental diseases salivary glands

The salivary glands produce saliva. What is the function of saliva?

  1. Digestion of food

  2. Purification of blood

  3. Keeping our body cool

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Saliva is a thick, colourless and glistening liquid with about 98 per cent water in our mouth. The saliva contains chemicals like the mucus, salts, antibacterial substances and enzymes which help in the digestion of food especially starch.
  • The digestion of starch into a sugar called the maltose is done because of an enzyme, salivary amylase that the saliva contains. 
Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood blood and lymph body fluid

The function of blood is to

  1. Absorb nutrients

  2. Transport gases

  3. Produce food

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood performs many important functions within the body. These functions include the supply of oxygen to tissues (bound to hemoglobin, which is carried in red cells), the supply of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids (dissolved in the blood or bound to plasma proteins e.g., blood lipids), transport of gases etc.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood blood and lymph body fluid

How blood helps in the transport of heat ?

  1. It transports heat from alimentary canal to different body parts.

  2. Export heat from endocrine glands to the places of use.

  3. Allows transfer of heat from deeper tissues to the surface of the body where it can be lost.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blood allows heat transfer of heat from deeper tissues to the surface of the body where it can be lost. Hormones are carried by blood from endocrine glands to place of use, Also glucose and other nutrients are transported from alimentary canal through blood to different cells in the body.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood blood and lymph body fluid

Which of the following is a function of blood?
(a) Transport of food materials.
(b) Transport of hormones.
(c) Transport of heat.

  1. One statement is correct.

  2. Two statements are correct.

  3. All statements are correct.

  4. No statement is correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blood transports the digested food from the alimentary canal to the tissue. Blood also distribute hormones secreted by the endocrine glands. The blood helps in keeping the temperature of the body uniform by distributing heat. Thus option C is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood blood and lymph body fluid

The term dynamic homeostasis refers to the fact that

  1. Homeostatic mechanisms keep physiological responses from fluctuating.

  2. Homeostatic mechanisms allow for physiological responses to slightly fluctuate within a normal range.

  3. Homeostatic mechanisms keep fluctuations in physiological responses right at set point.

  4. Homeostatic mechanisms allow for large fluctuations that will reset the set point.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The ability of the body to regulate its internal physiological processes in order to maintain the equilibrium is called the dynamic equilibrium. It is performed to keep the physiological responses from fluctuating with the external conditions of the environment. Different organ system work under the regulation of hypothalamus and medulla maintain the dynamic homeostasis. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'Homeostasis mechanisms keep physiological responses from fluctuating'

Multiple choice biology locomotion and movements introduction to locomotion skeleton and joints movement in animals

Major functions served by human skeleton are

  1. Support and movement

  2. Storage of ions

  3. Production of blood cells

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. 
  • The skeletal system performs vital functions like support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation that enable us to survive. Hence, Major functions served by human skeleton are Support and movement, Storage of ions and Production of blood cells.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology locomotion and movements introduction to locomotion skeleton and joints movement in animals

The functions of axial skeleton are

  1. To make locomotion possible

  2. Protect organs of excretion

  3. Protect organs of digestion

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The axial skeleton supports and protects the brain, spinal cord and many of the internal organs. 
  • It also provides sites for the attachment of other bones and muscles in the body, protect organs to excrete and digestion and also protects the nerves and blood vessels from the brain and spinal cord. Hence, The functions of the axial skeleton are To make locomotion possible, Protect the organs of excretion and Protect organs of digestion. 
    • So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.


Multiple choice

What is the function of the white blood cell?

  1. It defends against infections and harmful bacteria

  2. It takes away carbon dioxide from your blood

  3. It stops you from dying of food poisoning

  4. It doesn't exist-obviously!
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells, or leukocytes, are a primary component of the immune system and are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens.

Multiple choice

What is the function of the cell membrane?

  1. It helps keep shape of the cell

  2. Controls the cells activities

  3. A place where many chemical reactions happen

  4. It controls substances entering and leaving the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cell membrane is a semi-permeable barrier that regulates the passage of substances, such as nutrients and waste, into and out of the cell.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids derived lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells cell membrane

Function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is?

  1. Synthesis of lipid

  2. Synthesis of minerals

  3. Synthesis of protein

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Its main functions are the synthesis of lipids, steroid hormones, the detoxification of harmful metabolic byproducts and the storage and metabolism of calcium ions within the cell. The smooth ER is distinguished from the other parts of the endoplasmic reticulum by the absence of membrane-bound ribosomes.

Thus A is the correct option. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood body fluid

Which of the following is correct function of blood?

  1. It maintains pH of the body.

  2. It regulates hunger and thirst.

  3. It controls the release of hormones.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Blood iѕ аlѕо a regulator оf mаnу factors in the body. It oversees the temperature оf the bоdу аnd maintains it tо a level that iѕ tolerated bу thе bоdу with ease. Blood iѕ аlѕо responsible fоr controlling thе concentration оf Hydrogen ions in thе body, whiсh аrе аlѕо knоwn аѕ pH balance. Thе administration оf thе levels оf water аnd salt required bу еасh cell оf thе bоdу аlѕо falls undеr thе regulation duties оf blood. An anоthеr regulatory task performed bу blood iѕ tо control thе blood pressure аnd restrict it undеr a nоrmаl range.


So, the correct option is 'It maintains pH of the body'.

Multiple choice biology control and co-ordination in plants and animals voluntary and involuntary movements impulse and its transmission coordination in human beings- nervous control

The function of the gap junction is to

  1. Performing cementing to keep neighbouring cells together

  2. Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules

  3. Separates two cells from each other

  4. Stop substance from leaking across a tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A. Desmosomes perform cementing to keep the neighbouring cells together. It serve anchoring function.
B. Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules,
C. No such junction is present.
D. Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across the tissue. 
So, the correct answer is 'Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules'.
Multiple choice evs roots and leaves leaves root, stem, and leaves basics of roots and stem plant adaptation and modification

The primary function of leaf is ________.

  1. Growth

  2. Reproduction

  3. Photosynthesis

  4. Protection
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Leaves are those parts of plants that perform the primary function of photosynthesis and transpiration. Growth, Reproduction and Protection are it's secondary or modified functions.

So, the correct option is 'Photosynthesis'.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The main function of the colon (large intestine) of mammals
is to

  1. Temporarily store of excretory products

  2. Absorb water from undigested food

  3. Absorb digested food

  4. Digest cellulose

  5. Produce enzymes used in other parts of the alimentary

    canal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of the colon is absorption of much of the water from undigested food and leaving the solid material as faeces.

Multiple choice chemistry materials we use soap and detergents soap soap and detergent

Glycerol is added to soap. It functions :

  1. as a filler

  2. to increase lathering

  3. to prevent rapid drying

  4. to make soap granules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cleansing action of Soaps and detergents-
  • Most of the dirt is oily in nature and oil does not dissolve in water. The molecule of soap constitutes sodium or potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids. In the case of soaps, the carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end dissolves in water.
  • Glycerol is a humectant - a substance that attracts water.
  • It has the ability to draw in moisture preventing drying of the skin.
  • Hence, Glycerol is added to soap to prevent rapid drying.