Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Which one is not a function of protein in living organism?

  1. Transport nutrient across cell membrane

  2. Work as enzyme

  3. Work as receptor

  4. Main source of energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are an important component and are the building block of each cell and perform various functions like:

  • Proteins act as the transporter, it transports the minerals and nutrients across the cell membrane, transport oxygen molecule and is responsible for the connection of the two cells.
  • All the enzymes are proteins and they catalyze various reactions and increases the speed of the reaction.
  • Receptors are the proteins that receive some chemical signals and respond according to them. They change their physiology according to the chemical reaction and signals.
  • ATP is the main source of energy, proteins and fats are the nutrients that sometimes help in the production of a small amount of energy.
So, the correct option is 'Main energy source'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

The main function of the contractile vacuole is

  1. Synthesis of carbohydrate

  2. Eliminating excess water

  3. To be a photoreceptor to detect light

  4. Resistance for survival during winter and times of drought
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The contractile vacuole is a structure found in many marine organisms. It functions as an organelle to eliminate the excess water which may have stored in the cell because of osmotic conditions.

so, the correct option is 'eliminating excess water'

Multiple choice biology coordination generation and conduction of nerve impulse generation of nerve impulse neurons and synapses

Primary function of myelin sheath around vertebrate axon is to

  1. Regulate Na-K pump

  2. Increase in size of action potential

  3. Increase in speed of conduction by preventing leakage of nerve impulse

  4. Deactivate the release of neurotransmitter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The myelin sheath acts as an electrical insulator, preventing ion leakage and allowing saltatory conduction, which significantly increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

Cytosol plays an important role in

  1. Digestion

  2. Reproduction

  3. Breakdown of large molecules

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cytosol is also called as cytoplasm in a cell which holds the organelles. It consists several enzymes for different activities such as glycolysis. Glycolysis is the breakdown of large molecule glucose to simple molecule pyruvate. uses its dissolved enzymes to break down all of those larger molecules. The products can then be used by the mitochondria for the formation of energy.

Multiple choice biology multicellular structure: tissue defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system kinds of plant tissue permanent tissues and their types

The function of hypodermis is

  1. Protection

  2. Hardness

  3. Support

  4. Storage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hypodermis lies below the epidermis. These cells are sometimes modified to give additional structural support or to store food materials or water. Since its cell walls are heavily suberized and impermeable to water its apparent function is to keep the water and nutrients from leaking out through the cortex. The hypodermis is especially well developed in plants of arid regions and in those with shallow root systems. It also deters the entrance of soil microorganisms. So, the function of hypodermis is support and not storage, hardness or protection. Thus, option C is correct.

Multiple choice biology skeleton - movement and locomotion gait of animals basics of joints joints and type of joints skeleton, joints and muscles

Which is not the function of bones?

  1. Protection of vital organs

  2. Haemopoiesis

  3. Muscle attachment

  4. Secretion of hormones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The endocrine glands in the body such as a pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid and etc secrete various hormones in the body. The bones cannot secrete hormones as they lack glands to produce and secrete hormones. It helps in protection of vital organs, haemopoiesis, and muscle attachment.

So, the correct answer is 'Secretion of hormones'.

Multiple choice biology skeleton - movement and locomotion gait of animals basics of joints joints and type of joints skeleton, joints and muscles

The function of skeleton in the vertebrates is/are

  1. Support

  2. Hearing

  3. Sound production

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The skeleton is the structural framework of the body. Our skeleton system contains 206 bones. Its main function is to support muscles and tissues. It also protects the vital organs, allows movement of bones and muscles and serves as the storage house for immature blood cells and minerals.

So, the correct option is A.

Multiple choice biology body movements basics of joints joints and type of joints skeleton, joints and muscles

Major functions of skeleton are

  1. Support

  2. Protection

  3. Storage of ions

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The skeleton serves a number of functions in vertebrates:

(1) The skeleton forms a rigid framework, which gives support to the body against gravity.
(2) The skeleton encloses the more vital organs of the body to protect them from injury.
(3) Bones contain deposits of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. These may be released into the blood if needed for use elsewhere in the body, but are later replaced. This helps in regulating calcium and phosphorus level of blood. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

Function of sympathetic nervous system is to

  1. Decrease heart beat

  2. Increase heart beat

  3. Contract respiratory organ

  4. Secrete saliva
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system deals with the response to stress and danger, releasing epinephrines (adrenaline), and in general, increasing activity and metabolic rate. So, due to sympathetic stimulation, heart rate increases, to provide body more and more oxygen and nutrients.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

Choose the functions of sympathetic nervous system

  1. Constricts bronchi and pupil of eye

  2. Increases heart rate, relaxes bronchi

  3. Decreases heart rate, increases peristalsis

  4. Dilates blood vessels, stimulates salivary secretions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and relaxes bronchial smooth muscle to facilitate increased oxygen intake during the fight or flight response.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

The main functions of sympathetic nervous system are

  1. The contraction of skin blood vessels and sudden increase of blood pressure

  2. Contraction of muscles, secretion of sweat glands and rapid coagulation of blood

  3. Dilation of bronchi, contraction of heart and sudden decrease in the number of RBC in the blood

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During the initial activation of the sympathetic system, norepinephrine gets released first as a preparatory hormone. This gets the body ready for the first stages of the emergency event. 

First, blood flow will increase to all essential tissues. This includes increased blood flow to the skeletal muscle, which will be needed to escape the situation and/or fight off the threat. 
Secondly, more oxygen will be needed to produce ATP (energy), so breathing rates will increase. 
Finally, glycogen, which is a storage form of glucose, will be broken down so that glucose molecules can be used for energy. These are the primary responses that will take place in the body when the sympathetic nervous system is activated.

Multiple choice biology immunity phagocytosis cells in immune system immune system, its cells, mediators and antigens

The main function of white blood cells in the body is to

  1. Carry oxygen

  2. Help in clot formation

  3. Produce more red cells

  4. Protect body against diseases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells or WBCs are also called leukocytes. They are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. All leukocytes are produced and derived from a multipotent cell in the bone marrow known as a hematopoietic stem cell.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Which of the following is the function of taste receptors?

  1. Identify toxins

  2. Enhance the diet

  3. Maintain nutrition

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The sense of taste is stimulated when nutrients or other chemical compounds activate specialized receptor cells within the oral cavity.
  •  Taste helps us decide what to eat and influences how efficiently we digest these foods. 
  • They would have used their sense of taste to identify nutritious food items. Hence,  the function of taste receptors is to Enhance the diet.
So, the correct answer is to 'Enhance the diet'.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

The function of tongue is to

  1. Help in the act of swallowing

  2. Help in mixing saliva with the food

  3. Help in digestion of food

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The function of the tongue is to help in the act of swallowing and help in mixing saliva with the food. It is a muscular organ in the mouth. It is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech. It consists of eight interwoven, striated muscles that can move in any direction, making it quite flexible. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Which of the following is the function of lymph?

  1. Lymph keeps the body cells moist.

  2. Lymph takes lymphocytes and antibodies from the lymph nodes to the blood.

  3. Lymph maintains the volume of the blood.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Lymph is the fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system. It is a clear-to-white fluid made of White blood cells, especially lymphocytes, the cells that attack bacteria in the blood. It performs multiple functions inside our bodies. It takes lymphocyte and antibodies from the lymph nodes to the blood. It also keeps the cells moist by maintaining the blood volume.
The interstitial fluid is absorbed into the lymph vessels and again it is added to blood from the lymph, and in turn, regulates the blood volume.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.