Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

  1. It increases the surface area for absorption of digested food.

  2. It moves the absorbed food to different organs.

  3. It helps in absorption of water.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The surface  of villi (small finger like outgrowths ) absorbs the digested food hence due to these projections surface area of small intestine increases.

Multiple choice

The function (s) of DNA in the body is I. to help in the release of energy II. to control heredity. III. to help in the synthesis of proteins

  1. I and II are correct

  2. I and III are correct

  3. II and III are correct

  4. I, II and III are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA stores genetic information (heredity) and provides the instructions for protein synthesis. It does not directly release energy; that is the role of metabolic processes like cellular respiration.

Multiple choice

Presence of bile pigments in urine shows that a person is suffering from

  1. gout

  2. cirrhosis

  3. Budd-Chiari

  4. jaundice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Jaundice occurs, when there is too much bilirubin being produced for the liver, to remove from the blood, due to a defect in the liver that prevents bilirubin from being removed from the blood, or from getting converted to bilirubin/glucuronic acid (conjugated), or from being secreted in bile.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the function of insulin hormone?

  1. It prepares the body to function at maximum efficiency.

  2. It controls the rate of body's metabolism.

  3. It controls the metabolism of sugar.

  4. It controls the growth of human body.

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Insulin hormone controls the metabolism of sugar.

Multiple choice

The main function of prolonged chewing is to rupture

  1. Cell walls

  2. Connective tissue

  3. Membrane

  4. Muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

While chewing breaks down food physically, the question likely refers to the mechanical breakdown of tough fibrous components in meat, which are primarily muscle tissues. Breaking these fibers increases the surface area for digestive enzymes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs of 'disorder - its effect' is incorrectly matched?

  1. ATR-16 syndrome - genetic disorder that causes premature fusion of the skull bones and malformations of facial, forearm and hand bones

  2. Auto-brewery syndrome - intoxicating quantities of ethanol are produced through endogenous fermentation within the digestive system

  3. Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome - disorder that causes autoimmune activity against more than one endocrine organ

  4. Ivemark syndrome - congenital disorder that causes defects in the heart, spleen, lungs and kidneys

  5. Arterial tortuosity syndrome - congenital connective tissue condition disorder that causes elongation and generalised tortuosity of the major arteries, including the aorta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct Answer: ATR-16 syndrome - genetic disorder that causes premature fusion of the skull bones and malformations of facial, forearm and hand bones

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
List - I List - II
A. Maroteaux-Malamut syndrome 1. Cluster of facial malformations
B. Acromesomelic dysplasia 2. Rare neurological disorder
C. AIDS dysmorphic syndrome 3. Rare skeletal disorder
D. Alien hand syndrome 4. Rare congenital malformation syndrome

  1. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1

  2. A - 4, B - 3, C - 1, D - 2

  3. A - 3, B - 1, C - 2, D - 4

  4. A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 4

  5. A - 1, B - 4, C - 3, D - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because all the disorders are correctly matched.

Maroteaux-Malamut syndrome is a rare congenital malformation syndrome. Acromesomelic dysplasia is a rare skeletal disorder. AIDS dysmorphic syndrome is a cluster of facial malformations. Alien hand syndrome is a rare neurological disorder.