Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is most important for the growth of children up to the age of 14?

  1. Fat

  2. Vitamin

  3. Protein

  4. Milk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Protein is most important for the growth of children up to the age of 14. Protein intake is an indispensable requirement for the growth and maintenance of any living creature. Every cell in our body needs protein to carry out any metabolism. As a general guideline, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein for adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. 

Multiple choice

Sleeping on the left side is useful because

  1. the heart is found n the left side of our body cavity

  2. the left side is pressed and gives relaxation to the right side

  3. it gives maximum relaxation to the muscles of the right side and keeps the liver warm, relaxed and improves bile secretion

  4. the organs of left side are smaller than those on the right side
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sleeping on the left side is useful because it gives maximum relaxation to the muscles of the right side and keeps the liver warm, relaxes and improves bile secretion.

Multiple choice

The function of haemoglobin is

  1. utilization of energy

  2. destruction of bacteria

  3. prevention of anaemia

  4. to transport oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloproteinin the red blood cells of all vertebrates as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the rest of the body (i.e. the tissues) where it releases the oxygen to burn nutrients to provide energy to power the functions of the organism, and collects the resultant carbon dioxide to bring it back to the respiratory organs to be dispensed from the organism.

Multiple choice

The main function of kidneys is

  1. to remove waste products from the body

  2. to control blood pressure

  3. to help in digestion of food

  4. to control body temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Functions of kidneys are as follows: (a) Filtering out wastes to be excreted in the urine (b) Regulating blood pressure via both urinary excretion of wastes and initiating the rennin-angiotensen hormone regulatory system (c) Regulating an acid-base balance via the bicarbonate system (d) Stimulating red blood cell production via the release of the hormone erythropoietin

Multiple choice

The word ‘exhale’ means

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question.

The functional declines of advancing age are depressing. The heart’s ability to pump blood drops about one per cent: blood flow to arms and legs decreases by thirty to forty per cent in old age. The amount of air a person can exhale after a deep breath lessens and the chest wall stiffens with age. However, recent studies have shown that most of these age associated declines can be delayed by exercise. Exercise lowers the resting heart - rate and increases the amount of blood pumped with each beat in older people. When stress is placed on bones through exercise, calcium content rises, with the result that resistance to fracture is improved.

  1. breathe in

  2. breathe out

  3. breathe slowly

  4. breathe fast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Means: to breathe out air or oxygen.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is the function of blood?

  1. It purifies the air inside our body

  2. It connects various organs of our body

  3. It transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body.

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blood transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body. It also transports waste for removal from the body

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

  1. Produces T-cells

  2. Removes worn out red blood cells

  3. Produces immunoglobulins

  4. Produces macrophages
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The spleen acts as a filter for the blood, where it identifies and removes old or damaged red blood cells. It also serves as a reservoir for blood and plays a role in the immune system.

Multiple choice

Intrinsic factor (IF) is a protein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. Which of the following statements about intrinsic factor autoantibodies is true?

  1. They are found in less than 40% of patients with pernicious anaemia.

  2. They are found in about 25% of patients with iron-deficiency anaemia.

  3. They are more frequently found in serum than gastric juice.

  4. They are more often binding (type II) than blocking (type I).

  5. They are helpful in the diagnosis of pernicious anaemia.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Intrinsic factor antibodies are specific and rarely occur in the absence of latent or overt pernicious anaemia, although a low serum B12 level and a positive gastric parietal cell antibody allows a presumptive diagnosis of PA to be made.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of food?

  1. It provides energy and helps in growth and development.

  2. It helps to overcome wear and tear of the body.

  3. It can effect the heredity of species.

  4. It protects the body against diseases.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the correct answer. Food has no role in the change of heredity. The genes present in DNA are responsible for this change.