Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Why is energy important?

  1. To keep the heart beating

  2. To maintain body temperature

  3. For muscle contraction

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Energy is essential for all life processes, including involuntary actions like heart beating, maintaining body temperature, and voluntary actions like muscle contraction.

Multiple choice

Which is the best function of the colon?

  1. Absorb water

  2. Secrete bile

  3. Digest carbohydrates

  4. Produce hormones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The primary function of the colon (large intestine) is to absorb water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter. It does not secrete bile or digest carbohydrates.

Multiple choice

What purpose does acute pain serve in the body?

  1. It lets you know you may be hurt or have a problem you need to act on.

  2. It allows the body to maintain optimal function despite organ failure.

  3. Both answers are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Acute pain acts as a biological warning system, signaling potential injury or illness that requires immediate attention. It is a protective mechanism rather than a functional aid for organ failure.

Multiple choice

A function of the roots is:

  1. Storing Food

  2. Anchor / Supporting Plant

  3. Absorbing Water & Nutrients

  4. All answers are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Roots perform multiple critical functions for a plant, including anchoring the plant in the soil, absorbing water and dissolved minerals, and storing food reserves like starch.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

The main function of noradrenaline is to increase

  1. cellular respiration

  2. blood pressure

  3. urine production

  4. cholesterol level
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Noradrenaline are rapidly secreted in response to the stress of any kind and during emergency situations and are called emergency hormones. In the rest of the  body, norepinephrine increases the heart rate and blood pressure.

So the correct option is blood pressure. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of peroxisome is  

  1. H$ _2$O$ _2$ destruction

  2. Conversion of fats to carbohydrates

  3. Detoxification of heavy metals

  4. Oxidative phosphorylation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are single membrane covered cell organelles which take part in oxidation reactions other than those of respiration. Peroxisomes are microbodies which have enzymes for peroxide biosynthesis like peroxidases, amino acid oxidase and peroxide destruction like catalase.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysomes is 

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glyoxysomes are microbodies which occur only in fat rich plant cells where they take part in $\beta$-oxidation of fats and perform glyoxylate cycle. Glyoxysomes possess catalase enzyme.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of peroxisome is

  1. To convert $H _2O _2$ into $H _2O$ and $O _2$
  2. Utilisation of $O _2$ gas

  3. To break toxic molecules of a cell

  4. All the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of H2O2, the utilization of oxygen in oxidative reactions, and the degradation of various toxic molecules, making all listed functions correct.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysome is

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Glyoxysomes are microbodies which contain enzymes for $\beta - oxidation$ of fatty acids and glyoxylate pathway. They are considered to be special peroxisomes. They occur abundantly in germinating endosperm cells of oil seeds.
So, the correct answer is 'Glyoxysomes'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysome is

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glyoxysomes are specialized peroxisomes found in plants that contain enzymes for the glyoxylate cycle, which is essential for fat metabolism during seed germination.

Multiple choice biology breath and blood of life different types of circulatory systems stomata and transpiration transport in organisms

A transport system is needed to transport
(i) Nutrients, oxygen and hormones from the place, they are absorbed or received to the cells.
(ii) Waste products from the place they are formed to the place from where they are eliminated outside.
(iii) Heart beat, chromosome.

  1. (i) and (ii) correct

  2. (i) and (iii) correct

  3. (ii) and (iii) correct

  4. (i) , (ii) and (iii) correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The human transport system is a system of tubes with a pump and valves to ensure one-way blood flow. We need a transport system to deliver oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other substances to all our body cells and take away waste products from them. 

Multiple choice biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

The main function of angiotensin is
A. To increase blood pressure
B. Constricting the glomerular arterioles
C. Increases blood volume
The correct ones are given in?

  1. A and C

  2. B and C

  3. A and B

  4. A, B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Angiotensinogen produced by the liver is broken into angiotensin I by renin which us an enzyme produced by the kidney. This angiotensin I is the precursor of angiotensin II which often plays a role in the constriction of glomerular arterioles, increase blood flow and blood pressure. 

So, the correct answer is 'A, B, and C'.

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

The function of enzymes in the non-living system is to:

  1. transport oxygen

  2. provide immunity

  3. catalyse biochemical reaction

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A fundamental task of proteins is to act as enzymes catalysts that increase the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells. Although RNAs are capable of catalyzing some reactions, most biological reactions are catalyzed by proteins. In the absence of enzymatic catalysis, most biochemical reactions are so slow that they would not occur under the mild conditions of temperature and pressure that are compatible with life. Enzymes accelerate the rates of such reactions by well over a million-fold, so reactions that would take years in the absence of catalysis can occur in fractions of seconds if catalyzed by the appropriate enzyme.

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

The function of zymase is to: 

  1. change starch into sugar

  2. ferment glucose to alcohol and carbon dioxide

  3. change malt sugar into glucose

  4. change starch into malt sugar and dextrin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Zymase is an enzyme complex that catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Hence option B is correct.