Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

What is the main function of heparin?

  1. Electrostatically retains and stores histamine

  2. Regulation of cell growth and proliferation

  3. Maintenance of tissue hydration

  4. Inhibition of axonal growth

  5. Major component of synovial tissues and fluid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Endogenous heparin is localized and stored in secretory granules of mast cells. Histamine that is present within the granules is protonated (H2A2+) at pH within granules (5.2-6.0), thus it is believed that heparin, which is highly negatively charged, functions to electrostatically retain and store histamine.[

Multiple choice

Among the following, which is not the property of human blood?

  1. Osmolality of blood is 275 to 295 milliosmoles per kg.

  2. Sweet taste.

  3. Blood pH varies from 7.35 to 7.45.

  4. Red colour.

  5. Smells like rusty iron.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood is salty tasty. The salt taste of blood comes from the salts, minerals and iron present in human blood. So the blood of normal persons is salty only, but it has sweet taste in some persons suffering from diabetes. As the blood of a diabetic person will contain much sugar than a normal person the blood is tasting sweety.

Multiple choice

Listed below are some of the functions of fats in the human nutrition. Identify the INCORRECT function.

  1. Concentrated source of energy

  2. Transport of oxygen to various organs

  3. Absorption of fat soluble vitamins

  4. Synthesis of cell membrane and hormones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Oxygen transport is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells, not fats. Fats serve as energy stores, provide insulation, help absorb fat-soluble vitamins, and form cell membranes.

Multiple choice biology organization of life

Most of the homeostatic mechanisms operate through feed back mechanism. The best example is illustrated by

  1. Hormones

  2. Enzymes

  3. Vitamins

  4. Ribozymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones provide the best feedback mechanism. There are positive feedback mechanism in which the hormone stimulates the production of itself example estrogen before ovulation.

There also are negative feedback mechanism where a hormone inhibits its own production example thyroid hormone ( $T _4$ ).
Enzymes, vitamins and Ribozymes do not show such feedback mechanism.
So the correct option is ' Hormones'.

Multiple choice biology organization of life

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives givens.
Which of the following body systems contribute to homeostasis?

  1. Digestive and excretory systems

  2. Respiratory and nervous systems

  3. Nervous and endocrine systems

  4. Immune and cardiovascular systems
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Homeostasis is the tendency towards a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements maintained by the physiological process.
  • In the body, some systems support  homeostasis, like the nervous and endocrine system
So, the correct answer is 'nervous and endocrine system'

Multiple choice biology organization of life

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Homeostasis is

  1. tendency to maintain constant, favourable internal conditions

  2. combination of growth, repair and energy release that is basic to life

  3. a form of reproduction involving only one sex

  4. the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Homeostasis is the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things.
So, the correct option is 'tendency to maintain constant, favourable internal conditions'
Multiple choice

What is the job of the human stomach?

  1. to pump blood throughout the body

  2. to filter wastes out of the body

  3. to provide insulin to the body

  4. to break down food into nutrients
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stomach uses acid and muscular contractions to break down food into a substance called chyme, facilitating nutrient absorption later in the digestive tract.

Multiple choice biology organisation of the organism introduction to cell what are the living organisms made of component of the cell

Secretion, endocytosis, division and formation of intercellular junctions are functions of cells due to

  1. Flip-flop movement of proteins

  2. Fluid nature of lipid and proteins

  3. Quassi-fluid nature of lipids

  4. Vertical movement of lipid and proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a fluid structure where lipids and proteins can move laterally, facilitating processes like secretion, endocytosis, and cell division.