Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

A function of golgi body is

  1. Excretion

  2. ATP synthesis

  3. Secretion

  4. RNA synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Golgi body has a number of functions, including sorting and processing proteins. Proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, then they travel to the Golgi body. While in the Golgi body, they are processed and sent throughout the cell. The Golgi body is also responsible for determining which proteins are to be transported outside the cell.

Multiple choice

What is the function of gills in aquatic animals?

  1. To absorb dissolved oxygen in water

  2. To attain energy from food

  3. To help in body movement

  4. To act as balancer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gills are the organ of respiration in aquatic animals. Oxygen is present in dissolved form in water. Gills help these animals to absorb this dissolved oxygen in water. It is the fins in fish which act as balancer and a streamlined body to help in movement.

Multiple choice

What is the importance of ribcage?

  1. It protects the inner delicate organ.

  2. It helps in attachment of muscle and bone.

  3. It helps in bone movement.

  4. It provides elasticity to bones.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rib cage is a hard bony structure, in the cavity of which the lungs rest. Lungs are the delicate organs and stay protected in this hard bony structure. Thus, ribcage protect delicate organs.

Multiple choice

In mammals, the role of spleen is to

  1. assist the kidney

  2. assist the liver

  3. control blood pressure

  4. act as hematopoietic organ

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In mammals, the role of spleen is to assist the liver.The spleen acts as a blood filter; it controls the amount of red blood cells and blood storage in the body, and helps to fight infection.

Multiple choice

What is the chief function of HCl?

  1. To dissolve enzyme secreted in the stomach

  2. To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of microorganisms

  3. To maintain low pH to facilitate absorption

  4. To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HCl maintains low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin.

Multiple choice

Which of the following does not apply to innate immune mechanisms?

  1. All cells of the immune system originates in the marrow cavity

  2. Absence of specificity

  3. Activation by a stimulus

  4. Involvement of multiple cell types

  5. First line of defense of the body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

All cells of the immune system originates in the bone marrow and they include myeloid (neutrophils, basophils, eosinpophils, macrophages and dendritic cells) and lymphoid (B lymphocyte, T lymphocyte and Natural Killer) cells which differentiate along distinct pathways.

Multiple choice

Why are proteins called body building foods?

  1. They provide energy to our body.

  2. They protect our body against diseases.

  3. They are needed for the growth and the repair of our body.

  4. They regulate the water level in our body.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Each nutrient of the balanced diet has a particular function to perform in our body, e.g. proteins are the building blocks for the body because they are required by the body for its optimal growth and repair of worn out tissues. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is performed by vitamin D in human body?

  1. It helps to promote the absorption of calcium from food.

  2. It helps to maintain the eye sight.

  3. It helps in building new tissues and cells.

  4. It regulates the body temerature.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Different vitamins play different roles in our body. Vitamin C helps to fight against diseases. Vitamin D promotes the absorption of calcium from food and helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following fluids cannot be replaced in any significant quantity?

  1. Vitreous humour

  2. Cerebrospinal fluid

  3. Pleural fluid

  4. Aqueous humour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because vitreous humour is present behind the lens and the space inside the retina. It is a clear, semi-solid jelly like substance and is not secreted by the cilliary process. It cannot be replaced in any significant quantity.