Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

The chief value of perspiration is that it

  1. eliminates body odour

  2. regulates body temperature

  3. improves the general health

  4. opens the pores in the skin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The chief value of perspiration is that it regulates body temperature.

Multiple choice

Mammalian thymus is mainly concerned with

  1. regulation of body temperature

  2. regulation of body growth

  3. immunological functions

  4. secretion of thyrotropin

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. In mammals, it is a bilobed organ in the region of the lower neck, above and in front of the heart.

Multiple choice

What is the main function of heparin?

  1. Electrostatically retains and stores histamine

  2. Regulation of cell growth and proliferation

  3. Maintenance of tissue hydration

  4. Inhibition of axonal growth

  5. Major component of synovial tissues and fluid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Endogenous heparin is localized and stored in secretory granules of mast cells. Histamine that is present within the granules is protonated (H2A2+) at pH within granules (5.2-6.0), thus it is believed that heparin, which is highly negatively charged, functions to electrostatically retain and store histamine.[

Multiple choice biology organization of life

Most of the homeostatic mechanisms operate through feed back mechanism. The best example is illustrated by

  1. Hormones

  2. Enzymes

  3. Vitamins

  4. Ribozymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones provide the best feedback mechanism. There are positive feedback mechanism in which the hormone stimulates the production of itself example estrogen before ovulation.

There also are negative feedback mechanism where a hormone inhibits its own production example thyroid hormone ( $T _4$ ).
Enzymes, vitamins and Ribozymes do not show such feedback mechanism.
So the correct option is ' Hormones'.

Multiple choice biology organization of life

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Homeostasis is

  1. tendency to maintain constant, favourable internal conditions

  2. combination of growth, repair and energy release that is basic to life

  3. a form of reproduction involving only one sex

  4. the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Homeostasis is the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things.
So, the correct option is 'tendency to maintain constant, favourable internal conditions'
Multiple choice

What is the job of the human stomach?

  1. to pump blood throughout the body

  2. to filter wastes out of the body

  3. to provide insulin to the body

  4. to break down food into nutrients
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stomach uses acid and muscular contractions to break down food into a substance called chyme, facilitating nutrient absorption later in the digestive tract.

Multiple choice biology organisation of the organism introduction to cell what are the living organisms made of component of the cell

Secretion, endocytosis, division and formation of intercellular junctions are functions of cells due to

  1. Flip-flop movement of proteins

  2. Fluid nature of lipid and proteins

  3. Quassi-fluid nature of lipids

  4. Vertical movement of lipid and proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a fluid structure where lipids and proteins can move laterally, facilitating processes like secretion, endocytosis, and cell division.

Multiple choice biology respiration in living organisms breathing in plants mode of respiration in plants process of respiration

Which of the following is the main purpose of respiration in plants?

  1. Breaking of complex food into simple ones

  2. Production of energy

  3. Exchange of gases

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells in plants and animals break down sugar and turn it into energy, which is then used to perform work at the cellular level. The purpose of cellular respiration is simple, it provides cells with the energy they need to function. If living things could not get the energy they need out of food, it would be absolutely worthless. All living things would eventually die, no matter the quality and amount of food. Cellular respiration is used to create usable energy from the foods that living things eat. It's important to know that the reactions involved in cellular respiration are catabolic, meaning they break down molecules into smaller ones. This differs from anabolic reactions, which build bigger molecules from smaller ones. 

So, the correct option is 'Both A and B'.

Multiple choice temperature control homeostasis coordination and response biology

Which of the following process keeps the body constant?

  1. Transduction

  2. Homeostasis

  3. Feedback control

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment. Homeostasis is maintained by the hypothalamus with the help of negative feedback loops that counteract changes of many characteristics from their set points. For example, when there is a rise in body temperature a negative feedback loop will bring it back to normal towards the set point of 37.5$^o$ C. Hence homeostasis is necessary for the well-being of individual cells and of the entire body. Thus the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology nutrition and diet nutrients and foodstuffs introduction to nutrients nutrition and its deficiency simple test for nutrients test for nutrients

Which of the following is the function of nutrients?

  1. It regulates the growth and developement of the body.

  2. It helps in digestion.

  3. It helps in the energy production.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An essential nutrient is a nutrient that the body cannot synthesize on its own  or not to an adequate amount and must be provided by the diet. These nutrients are necessary for the body to function properly. The six essential nutrients include carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water. Carbohydrates are the main energy source for the brain. Protein is the major structural component of cells and is responsible for the building and repair of body tissues. Fat is an energy source that when consumed, increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins including vitamins A, D, E and K. 

So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Which of the following is the main function of antibiotic drugs in human body?

  1. Prevention of the growth of bacteria

  2. To control the level of oxygen

  3. To maintain the blood pressure

  4. To control sugar level in blood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria and is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections. Antibiotic medications are widely used in treatment and prevention. They have an important role in dental antibiotic prophylaxis where their use may prevent. So, the correct option is "A" (Prevention of the growth of bacteria).