Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

The function of acetylcholine is to

  1. regulate the beating of myogenic heart

  2. regulate the heartbeat of neurogenic heart

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Bind to the respiratory gases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Acetylcholine inhibits myogenic heart and increases the heartbeat of neurogenic heart.

Multiple choice

What is the function of Hirudin?

  1. It prevents blood clotting.

  2. It prevents heart attack.

  3. It is produced by bacteria.

  4. It prevents kidney faliure.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct. The protein is present in leech  and prevents blood clotting. Its gene is chemically synthesised and introduced in Brassica napus.

Multiple choice

The main function of sieve tubes is to

  1. regulate the metabolic activities

  2. give mechanical strength

  3. store compounds

  4. transport organic compounds

  5. store water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem complex tissue is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma. The main function of the seive tube is to transport organic compounds.

Multiple choice

Companion cells helps in

  1. regulating the metabolic activities

  2. giving mechanical strength

  3. storing compounds

  4. transporting organic compounds

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem complex tissue is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma. Companion cells regulate the metabolic activities of the sieve tube elements.

Multiple choice

What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

  1. It increases the surface area for absorption of digested food.

  2. It moves the absorbed food to different organs.

  3. It helps in absorption of water.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The surface  of villi (small finger like outgrowths ) absorbs the digested food hence due to these projections surface area of small intestine increases.

Multiple choice

The function (s) of DNA in the body is I. to help in the release of energy II. to control heredity. III. to help in the synthesis of proteins

  1. I and II are correct

  2. I and III are correct

  3. II and III are correct

  4. I, II and III are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA stores genetic information (heredity) and provides the instructions for protein synthesis. It does not directly release energy; that is the role of metabolic processes like cellular respiration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the function of insulin hormone?

  1. It prepares the body to function at maximum efficiency.

  2. It controls the rate of body's metabolism.

  3. It controls the metabolism of sugar.

  4. It controls the growth of human body.

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Insulin hormone controls the metabolism of sugar.

Multiple choice

Cell wall is made of cellulose. Which of the following is/are the function(s) of a cell wall?

a. It carries out metabolism. b. It protects the plant cell. c. It gives the plant cell a fixed shape. d. It makes the plant cell rigid. e. It holds air, water and particles of food.

  1. Only b, c and d

  2. Only e

  3. Only a and b

  4. Only a, b and e

  5. Only c, d and e
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The cell wall protects the plant cell, gives the plant cell a fixed shape and makes the plant cell rigid.

Multiple choice

The main function of prolonged chewing is to rupture

  1. Cell walls

  2. Connective tissue

  3. Membrane

  4. Muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

While chewing breaks down food physically, the question likely refers to the mechanical breakdown of tough fibrous components in meat, which are primarily muscle tissues. Breaking these fibers increases the surface area for digestive enzymes.

Multiple choice

What is the function of hammer, anvil and stirrup?

  1. They collect the sound waves from the surroundings.

  2. They act as a passage for the sound.

  3. They amplify the vibrations produced in the eardrum.

  4. They send the signals to the brain.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The vibrations are amplified several times by three bones (hammer, anvil and stirrup) in the middle ear.

Multiple choice

What is the function of phellogen?

  1. Formation of epidermis

  2. Formation of periderm

  3. Formation of procambium in the root

  4. Conduction of food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Phellogen, also known as cork cambium, is the meristematic plant tissue responsible for the formation of the periderm.