Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Which among the following is the main function of the placenta?

  1. The placenta nourishes the developing embryo by implementing a dialysis pattern for exchange between the maternal and fetal circulations.

  2. The placental barrier is highly permeable to glucose and amino acids.

  3. The PO2 of the blood of the umbilical vein in the developing embryo is the same as that in the maternal arterial blood.

  4. The estrogens secreted by the placenta during pregnancy decelerates.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Placenta is the first organ to develop when blastocyst embeds itself. Nutrients diffuse into the umbilical cord at the placenta that then pass through the ammnionic sac into the fetus. Thus, the placenta nourishes the developing embryo by the dialysis pattern.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is not performed by dietary fibre?

  1. It speeds up the transit of foods.

  2. It helps to absorb nutrients.

  3. It lowers blood cholesterol levels.

  4. It helps to retain water.

  5. It adds bulk to our food.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Water present in our body in the form of body fluids helps to absorb nutrients from the digested food. These nutrients are carried around the body by the blood in solution form.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of skeleton?

  1. To give shape to the body

  2. To give support to the body

  3. To protect body against infection

  4. To protect the body organs

  5. To help in movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Immune system protects the body against infection. Skeletal system has no role in protecting body against infection. 

Multiple choice

What is the function of cell wall in plants?

  1. Provides shape and flexibility to the cells

  2. Provides green colour to the leaves

  3. Provides brown colour to the bark

  4. Provides shape and rigidity to the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cell wall provides shape and rigidity to the cell.

Multiple choice

What is the main function of T-cells?

  1. Lymphokine production and delayed hypersensitivity

  2. Antigen-antibody reaction (complement activation)

  3. Anaphylaxis (immediate hypersensitivity)

  4. Antibiotic production
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

T-cells produce lymphokines, cytokines and induce cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Delayed hypersensitivity refers to appearance of reaction after 48-42 hours. It is medicated by T-lymphocytes. Delayed hypersensitivity is cell-mediated immunity.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are the function(s) of the hypothalamus?

  1. It regulates the anterior pituitary gland

  2. It regulates eating and drinking behaviour

  3. It generates and regulates circadian rhythms

  4. Only 1 and 3

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Hypothalamus is located in the forebrain and regulates the anterior pituitary gland, eating and drinking behaviour and circadian rhythms.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is not performed by the cell wall?

  1. Providing mechanical strength to the cell

  2. Conferring specific antigenicity to a strain/species

  3. Permitting morphogenesis

  4. Protecting from osmotic lysis

  5. Helping the organism to resist phagocytosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the function of capsules, which enable many organisms to resist phagocytic engulfment called phagocytosis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not the function of lacrimal fluid?

  1. Taking the main nutrients to the cornea

  2. Carrying waste products away from the cornea

  3. Carrying melanin pigment to the cornea

  4. Helping to prevent corneal infection

  5. Maintaining the tonicity of the tear film
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The lacrimal glands secrete lacrimal fluid, which flows through the main excretory ducts into the space between the eyeball and lids. The brown or black pigment, melanin, present in melanocytes of the iris of the eye is not carried by the lacrimal fluid. So, this is not done by lacrimal fluid.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is not a characteristic function of ER?

  1. It acts as a supportive framework for the cell.

  2. It helps in the synthesis of proteins.

  3. It gives rigidity and shape to the cell.

  4. It helps in the transportation of proteins and lipids.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cell wall gives rigidity and shape to the plant cell. Endoplasmic reticulum helps in the synthesis and transport of proteins and fats.

Multiple choice

Why do growing children need more proteins?

  1. To make them taller.

  2. To grow and develop them in a healthy pace

  3. To prevent the children from falling ill frequently

  4. To make their bones stronger

  5. To give them more energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Growing child need more protein mainly because they are actively growing and increasing their body mass. Protein helps to build and repair cells, to make essential hormones and enzymes in the body.