Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

What is the chief function of HCl?

  1. To dissolve enzyme secreted in the stomach

  2. To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of microorganisms

  3. To maintain low pH to facilitate absorption

  4. To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin

  5. To maintain low pH to inhibit conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HCl's chief function is maintaining stomach acidity, which converts inactive pepsinogen into active pepsin. Pepsin is the primary enzyme that begins protein digestion in the stomach. While HCl also inhibits microbial growth (option B) and aids mineral absorption, activating pepsinogen is its main digestive role.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a function of microvilli?

  1. To increase the surface area

  2. To provide flexibility

  3. To provide elasticity

  4. To form the framework of the body

  5. To provide protection
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Microvilli help to increase the surface area so as to facilitate absorption and secretion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of connective tissue?

  1. To connect and bind various structures of the body

  2. To protect various body parts

  3. To facilitate the process of digestion

  4. To provide protection to brain and heart

  5. To form the framework of the body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Muscular tissues facilitate the process of digestion.

Multiple choice

Hormones are useful for

  1. metabolic functions

  2. digestion

  3. energy production

  4. immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate various metabolic functions in the body, including growth, reproduction, and metabolism. They maintain homeostasis by coordinating activities of different organs and tissues. Option B (digestion) is primarily controlled by enzymes, Option C (energy production) by cellular respiration processes, and Option D (immunity) by immune cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of human skin?

  1. Synthesis of vitamin

  2. Temperature regulation

  3. Prevention from excessive loss of water

  4. Absorption of water and minerals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The skin assists in the process of excretion of water, salts, etc. The human skin does not involve in absorption of water and minerals.

Multiple choice

What is the function of liver in the digestive system?

  1. Conversion of food into fuel for the cells of the body

  2. Transportation of chemical messengers

  3. Storage and concentration of bile

  4. Absorption of nutrients from the small intestine

  5. Receiving stool from the colon

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of liver within the digestive system is to absorb nutrients from the small intestine. Bile from the liver secreted into the small intestine also plays an important role in digesting fat. The liver also detoxifies potentially harmful chemicals. It breaks down and secretes many drugs. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not the function of saliva?

  1. Dissolution<font size="2"> of</font> food particles

  2. Digestion of starch

  3. Maintenanace of water balance in the body

  4. Clean<font size="2">ing</font> the<font size="2"> stomach</font>

  5. Cleaning the food particles from the teeth after eating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

It is the function of cement, a bone like structure covering and fixing the root in position. The function of the cement is not only to seal the restoration on the tooth, but also in some cases to support the retention of the restoration.

Multiple choice

What is the function of ear wax and tiny hairs in the ear canal?

  1. They make the sound waves travel faster.

  2. They help in vibration of ear drum.

  3. They have no specific function.

  4. They help in body balance.

  5. They trap dust and dirt.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The function of ear wax and tiny hairs in the ear canal is to trap dust and dirt that enters the ear.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is performed by the heart in our body?

  1. Removal of waste products from the blood

  2. Pumping of blood to the lungs

  3. Filtration of blood from the digestive tract

  4. Carrying urine from the kidney

  5. Conversion of food into fuel for body cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In order for the heart to deliver oxygenated blood to all cells, blood is pumped through arteries. Veins bring deoxygenated blood cells to the lungs, which are oxygenated and sent back to heart. In this way, a continuous cycle is formed by pumping oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood out to their designated destinations. Therefore, the heart helps to maintain the circulatory system.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of backbone?

  1. It provides main support to the body.

  2. It supports the head at its top.

  3. It protects the spinal cord.

  4. It protects the sense organs of the body.

  5. It attaches shoulder bones, ribs and hip bones.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Protection of sense organs of the body is not a function of a backbone. It is a function of skeleton.