Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

What is/are the function(s) of plasma?

  1. Distributing nutrients and collecting waste

  2. Controlling and coordinating the amount of water in the body

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Providing defence against diseases

  5. Clotting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It carries out both the functions.

Multiple choice

What is the function of chromatophores?

  1. To store fats

  2. To accumulate chondrin

  3. Formation of melanin

  4. Form reticular tissue

  5. Constrict blood vessels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chromatophores or pigmented cells possess melanin which impart colour to the animals.

Multiple choice

What is the function of ligament?

  1. It connects bones to muscles.

  2. It connects a bone to another bone.

  3. It connects the cartilage to the muscles.

  4. It forms the outer surface of the organs.

  5. It makes hair.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ligament is a connective tissue which connects a bone to another bone.

Multiple choice

Where are Haversian canals found and what is their function?

  1. Cartilages; makes them tough and elastic

  2. Bones; forms matrix for nerves and capillaries

  3. Blood; conducts the hormones, vitamins and antibodies throughout the body

  4. Below skin; stores fat

  5. Ear; maintains the balance of the body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Haversian canals form matrix for nerves and capillaries in bones

Multiple choice

Cirrhosis occurring in a male with thalassemia would be a result of

  1. iron overload

  2. chronic anemia

  3. toxicity due to chelation therapy

  4. hepatitis infection due to transfusion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cirrhosis in individuals with thalassemia would be the result of chronic iron overload, although chelation therapy can prevent this from occurring.

Multiple choice

In patients with chronic renal disease, which of the following statements is NOT commonly observed?

  1. Erythropoietin levels are usually lowered.

  2. Anemia is a common problem.

  3. Erythropoietin can be given to treat the anemia.

  4. Erythropoietin is usually given as oral tablets.

  5. Iron deficiency can occur.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As erythropoietin is a protein, it cannot be given orally as it will be digested in the gut. It is usually given subcutaneously, or less commonly intravenously.

Multiple choice

When the swallowing reflex is initiated in the body, which of the following events can be excluded?

  1. Velopharyngeal opening

  2. Closure of the larynx

  3. Contraction of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles

  4. Elevation of the larynx and hyoid bone towards the base of tongue

  5. Relaxation of the tonically contracted cricopharyngeus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As the swallowing reflex is initiated, the velopharyngeal closes to prevent reflux of material into the posterior choana.

Multiple choice

RBCs are generally destroyed in the liver while WBCs are destroyed

  1. in the plasma

  2. in the lymph

  3. inside various cells of the body

  4. in the spleen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

RBCs are primarily destroyed in the spleen and liver by macrophages, while WBCs (particularly lymphocytes) are destroyed in various tissues throughout the body. The spleen is a major site for lymphocyte destruction during immune regulation, though other lymphoid tissues also participate.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. The vocal cords are attached to the muscles, which change the tension in the cords and the distance between the cords. b. The lungs pass a current of air between the two vocal cords, which causes them to vibrate and make sound. c. The larynx is situated in our throat at the top of the trachea.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as all the statements are correct statements. The vocal cords are attached to the muscles, which change the tension in the cords and the distance between the cords. The lungs pass a current of air between the two vocal cords, which causes them to vibrate and make sound. The larynx is situated in our throat at the top of the trachea.

Multiple choice

The role of spleen in mammal is

  1. to control blood pressure

  2. to assist the liver

  3. to act as haemopoietic tissue

  4. to assist the kidneys
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The spleen serves as a haemopoietic (blood-forming) organ, particularly during fetal development and in some adult mammals where it produces red and white blood cells. While its major functions include filtering blood and supporting immune responses, blood cell formation remains one of its important biological roles.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is performed by the pericardial fluid?

  1. To reduce the friction between the heart wall and surrounding tissues

  2. To protect the heart from mechanical injury

  3. To allow the diffusion of oxygen into intracellular space

  4. To prevent the entry of deoxygenated blood in the pericardial cavity

  5. To provide the elasticity to the walls
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pericardial fluid reduces friction between the heart wall and surrounding tissues when the heart beats.