Biology
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
617 Questions
Endocrine and metabolic disorders focus on diseases caused by hormonal imbalances, such as goitre, diabetes mellitus, and hyperthyroidism. Test takers will find questions related to disease causes, diagnostic tests like Cushing's syndrome indicators, and clinical treatments. This is a crucial biology topic frequently asked in medical entrance and public service commission examinations.
Thyroid gland disordersGoitre causesDiabetes mellitus characteristicsHyperthyroidism treatmentsGrowth hormone deficiency
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Questions
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Glycogen breakdown in liver.
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Breakdown of structural proteins.
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Dissolution of adipose tissue.
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Excessive secretion of ADH.
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Development of tumor in pituitary gland.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
In the condition of prolonged fasting the structural proteins of the body gets consumed and proteins have large amount of nitrogen in them.
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Hyposecretion of adrenal medulla
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Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex
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Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex
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Hypersecretion of parathyroid
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex causes the imbalance of Na and K in the blood. This leads to nervous disorders and convulsions.
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Conn's syndrome
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Addison's disease
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Cushing's syndrome
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Cretinism
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal gland.
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hyper-secretion of corticosteroids
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hyper-secretion of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine
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hyposecretion of glucocorticoids
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hyper-secretion of parathyroid gland
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Hypertension, hyperglycemia, nervousness, sweating and complete exhaustion may occur due to hyper-secretion of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine.
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Cretinism
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Grave's disease
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Hashimoto's disease
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Myxoedema
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the thyroid gland is destroyed by autoimmunity.
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Myxoedema
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Hashimoto's disease
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Grave's disease
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Colloid goitre
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Grave's disease is caused due to hyper-secretion of thyroid.
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Underproduction of hormones by the thyroid gland itself
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Deficient TSH stimulation of thyroid by the pituitary gland
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Underproduction of parathormone
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Overproduction of hormones by the thyroid gland itself
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Deficient TSH stimulation of thyroid by the pituitary gland results into secondary hypothyroidism.
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Only 1 and 3
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Only 2, 3 and 4
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Only 1, 2 and 4
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All of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
It does not cause Alzheimer's disease.
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Graves disease
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Gynaecomastia
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Myxedema
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Aldosteronism
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Myxedema is a dry, waxy type of swelling associated with hypothyroidism. It leads to distinctive facial changes with swollen lips and nose. Thus, this is a disease due to adult hypothyroidism.
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low iodine content
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low sodium content
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low calcium content
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low iron content
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Goitre is a disease in which the thyroid gland in the body does not work properly. This happens due to low intake of iodine in diet.
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Thyroxine
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Vasopressin
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Insulin
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Estrogen
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Adrenaline
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Suresh's father was suffering from ‘diabetes’ because his pancreas was not producing the hormone insulin in sufficient quantities.
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Hormonal over production
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Atrophy of endocrine glands
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Inherited lack of an enzyme
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Nondisjunction
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Phenylketonuria is caused by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. The inherited lack of this enzyme leads to the toxic buildup of the amino acid phenylalanine.
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Hypersecretion of growth hormone
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Hyposecretion of growth hormone
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Hyposecretion of TSH
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Hyposecretion of ACTH
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Hyposecretion of growth hormone results in dwarfism.
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Thyroid - Myxoedema
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Pituitary - Acromegaly
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Adrenal - Cushing's syndrome
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Parathyroid - Grave's disease
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Grave's disease is caused by hypersecretion of thyroid.
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1 and 3
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2 and 5
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3 and 6
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4 and 5
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5 and 6
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Basedow-Graves disease is caused due to hypersecretion of T4 hormone.
Plummer’s disease is caused due to hypersecretion of T4 hormone.