Biology

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

674 Questions

Endocrine and metabolic disorders focus on diseases caused by hormonal imbalances, such as goitre, diabetes mellitus, and hyperthyroidism. Test takers will find questions related to disease causes, diagnostic tests like Cushing's syndrome indicators, and clinical treatments. This is a crucial biology topic frequently asked in medical entrance and public service commission examinations.

Thyroid gland disordersGoitre causesDiabetes mellitus characteristicsHyperthyroidism treatmentsGrowth hormone deficiency

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Chronic pancreatitis is a type of

  1. endocrinopathy

  2. exocrinopathy

  3. infectious disease

  4. genetic disorder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chronic pancreatitis is a type of exocrinopathy. It is an exocrine disorder that causes extensive damage to the pancreas. It may lead to diabetes.

Multiple choice

Diabetes in a person occurs due to

  1. excess of insulin

  2. deficiency of insulin

  3. excess of thyroxine

  4. deficiency of thyroxine

  5. excess of parathormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following can cause an intracellular shift of potassium ions?

  1. Insulin

  2. Beta 2 agonists

  3. Acidosis

  4. Cholesterol

  5. C reactive protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin causes potassium entry into cells and insulin is used in the emergency treatment of severe hyperkalaemia. As insulin also causes a fall in blood glucose levels, exogenous glucose is usually given with the insulin to prevent this.

Multiple choice

After complete medical check up, doctor told the patient that he is suffering from hypercalcemia? Which of the following causes hypercalcemia in humans?

  1. Secondary hyper parathyroidism

  2. Primary hyper parathryoidism

  3. Deficiency of vitamin D

  4. Chovstek's syndrome

  5. Acute pancreatitis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Excess parathyroid hormone raises plasma calcium levels. In primary hyper parathyroidism, there is a primary increase in parathyroid hormone and so a rise in plasma calcium.

Multiple choice

Huntington's disease is caused due to the malfunctioning of the

  1. liver

  2. pancreas

  3. brain

  4. prostate gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Huntington's disease is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder affecting the brain, specifically causing progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the basal ganglia. It leads to motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. The disease does not originate in the liver, pancreas, or prostate gland.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are affected by the endocrine system?

  1. sexual behaviour

  2. gland stress

  3. mouth behaviour

  4. natural behaviour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The endocrine system regulates sexual behavior through hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, which control reproductive functions, secondary sexual characteristics, and behavior patterns.

Multiple choice

Jaundice is a symptom of disease of _____.

  1. Kidney

  2. Liver

  3. Pancreas

  4. Thyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Jaundice is caused by the buildup of bilirubin in the blood, which occurs when the liver cannot properly process red blood cells or when bile flow is obstructed. It is a classic symptom of liver diseases like hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver failure. Kidney, pancreas, and thyroid disorders do not typically cause jaundice.

Multiple choice

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 is a genetic autoimmune disorder in which multiple endocrine glands dysfunction as a result of autoimmunity. It is also known as which of the following?

  1. Isaac's syndrome

  2. POEMS syndrome

  3. Whitaker syndrome

  4. Cogan's syndrome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Whitaker syndrome is another name of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1. Its nine symptoms include photophobia, decreased skin pigmentations, visual difficulties, dysplastic fingernails, cataracts, corneal clouding, alopecia, vitiligo and chronic infections. 

Multiple choice

Iodised salt is useful for it

  1. Improves taste

  2. Improves digestion

  3. Controls thyroid deficiently

  4. Slows down the ageing process

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Iodized salt helps prevent iodine deficiency disorders including goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, and cretinism in infants. It does not directly improve taste, digestion, or aging.

Multiple choice

The deficiency of Iodine causes

  1. goitre

  2. heart disease

  3. spin disease

  4. ear disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Its deficiency leads to inadequate thyroid hormone production, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge (goitre) as it tries to compensate.