Biology

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

617 Questions

Endocrine and metabolic disorders focus on diseases caused by hormonal imbalances, such as goitre, diabetes mellitus, and hyperthyroidism. Test takers will find questions related to disease causes, diagnostic tests like Cushing's syndrome indicators, and clinical treatments. This is a crucial biology topic frequently asked in medical entrance and public service commission examinations.

Thyroid gland disordersGoitre causesDiabetes mellitus characteristicsHyperthyroidism treatmentsGrowth hormone deficiency

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

The deficiency of which of the following causes goiter?

  1. Vitamin B1

  2. Insulin

  3. Bile

  4. Iodine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Goiter is the enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is most commonly caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet, as iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones.

Multiple choice

Goiter is a disease which effects the

  1. thyroid gland

  2. gums

  3. indestine

  4. eyes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located at the base of the neck. It is often caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet.

Multiple choice

Goiter is the caused by the malfunction of which gland?

  1. Adrenal

  2. Parathyroid

  3. Thyroid

  4. Pancreas

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck. It is typically caused by an iodine deficiency or an imbalance in thyroid hormones. The adrenal, parathyroid, and pancreas glands are not the primary site of goiter formation.

Multiple choice

Insufficient dietary iodine causes a/an _________.

  1. Cretin

  2. Giant

  3. Enlarged thyroid

  4. Small thyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. A deficiency leads to the thyroid gland enlarging as it attempts to compensate for the lack of iodine, a condition known as a goiter.

Multiple choice

Why the presence of iodine is necessary in water in which tadpoles are growing?

  1. Iodine gives nourishment to tadpoles.

  2. Iodine keeps external environment suitable for the growth of tadpoles.

  3. Thyroxin production requires iodine which controls metamorphosis in frogs.

  4. Thyroxin secreted by iodine maintains the concentration of salts in water and helps in the development of tadpoles into frogs.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine is necessary because production of Thyroxine hormone requires iodine which controls metamorphosis in frogs.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a pair of diseases associated with hyposecretion of thyroxine?

  1. Cretinism and Grave’s disease

  2. Goitre and Plummer’s disease

  3. Grave’s disease and Plummer’s disease

  4. Hashimoto’s disease and Plummer’s disease

  5. Hashimoto’s disease and Myxoedema
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Hashimoto’s disease is caused due to hyposecretion of thyroxine. Myxoedema is caused due to hyposecretion of thyroxine.

Multiple choice

“Tolbutamide tolerance test” is used to identify which disease?

  1. Diabetes mellitus

  2. Addison's disease

  3. Meningitis

  4. Tuberculosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Tolbutamide tolerance test is a diagnostic procedure used to assess insulin secretion and identify conditions like insulinoma, which is linked to diabetes-related metabolic studies.

Multiple choice

Addison disease affects the

  1. cardiovascular system

  2. respiratory system

  3. intugementary system

  4. endocrine system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Addison's disease is an endocrine disorder where the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones (cortisol and aldosterone). 'Intugementary' is a typo for integumentary (skin), but the correct system is endocrine.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a non-organ-specific (systemic) autoimmune disease?

  1. Myasthenia gravis

  2. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

  3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

  4. Pernicious anemia

  5. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

SLE is a disease involving antibodies to non-organ specific antigens such as DNA and induces immune complexes, which deposit in the vascular bed causing kidney, skin, joint and cerebral lesions.