Biology

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

674 Questions

Endocrine and metabolic disorders focus on diseases caused by hormonal imbalances, such as goitre, diabetes mellitus, and hyperthyroidism. Test takers will find questions related to disease causes, diagnostic tests like Cushing's syndrome indicators, and clinical treatments. This is a crucial biology topic frequently asked in medical entrance and public service commission examinations.

Thyroid gland disordersGoitre causesDiabetes mellitus characteristicsHyperthyroidism treatmentsGrowth hormone deficiency

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Hypothyroidism in adulthood leads to

  1. cretinism

  2. Addison’s disease

  3. sterility

  4. myxoedema
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Hypothyroidism in adulthood leads to myxoedema. Myxoedema refers to deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis, which results in swelling of the affected area.

Multiple choice

Destruction of Thyroid gland by antibodies is known as

  1. Goitre

  2. Graves diseases

  3. Hashimoto diseases

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hashimoto's thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is attacked by a variety of cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes, causing primary hypothyroidism.

Multiple choice

Thyroid deficiency in infants leads to

  1. hypothyroidism

  2. myxoedema

  3. cretinism

  4. thyrotoxicosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cretinism is caused by the deficiency of thryoid hormone in infants and myxoedema is caused by the deficiency in adults. Graves disease or exophalmic goitre is caused by the hypersecretion of thyroid hormone. 

Multiple choice

Which disease is caused by under secretion of adrenal cortex?

  1. Cretinism

  2. Dwarfism

  3. Sterility

  4. Addison's disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Addison's disease is caused by hyposecretion of adrenal cortex i.e., hyposecretion of aldosterone. This disease is characterized by: (1)        Excessive loss of sodium chloride in the urine. (2)        Lowering of blood pressure. (3)        Muscular weakness. 

Multiple choice

What is the cause of diabetes (Sugar)?

  1. Efficiency of insulin

  2. Deficiency of insulin

  3. Deficiency of iodine

  4. Deficiency of sugar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Diabetes mellitus is caused by deficiency of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. Without adequate insulin, glucose cannot enter cells properly, leading to high blood sugar.

Multiple choice

Decreased secretion of ADH causes

  1. diabetes mellitus

  2. diabetes insipidus

  3. blood pressure

  4. anaemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Decreased secretion of ADH causes diabetes inspidus. Deficiency of insulin causes diabetes mellitus. 

Multiple choice

Goiter is a disorder which leads to________.

  1. wrinkling of face

  2. swelling of neck glands

  3. bending of legs

  4. bulging of eyes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Goiter - swollen neck glandsScurvy - bleeding gums Rickets - bow shaped legs

Beriberi - weak muscles and laziness