Tag: applications of biotechnology

Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

An abnormal gene is replaced by normal gene. It is called __________.

zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

  1. Gene therapy

  2. Cloning

  3. Mutation

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Immune deficiency disorder, which occur due to mutation in gene, involved in maturation of T and B lymphocytes is

zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

  1. IDDM

  2. Hashimoto disease

  3. SCID

  4. Pernicious anemia

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus or IDDM is an immune deficiency disorder. It occurs due to a mutation in a gene involved in insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. 
  • Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder that results in hypothyroidism. It results in defects in the maturation of T lymphocytes. 
  • Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an immunodeficiency syndrome. It occurs due to a mutation in the gene involved in the maturation of T and B lymphocytes. 
  • Pernicious anemia is also called as vitamin B$ _{12}$ deficiency syndrome. It results due to a lack of intrinsic factor. 
Thus, the correct answer is 'Hashimoto disease and SCID.'

"Introduction of a normal functional gene into cells, in order to replace defective or mutated gene'." is known as 

zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

  1. Biosafety

  2. Biopiracy

  3. Biopatent

  4. Gene therapy

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Introduction of a normal functional gene into cells, in order to replace defective or mutated gene is known as gene therapy. It is also called as gene transfer. It is done to correct genetic disorders. Biosafety is the prevention of large-scale loss of biological integrity. Biopiracy is the practice of exploiting indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous peoples without compensation to the indigenous people. Biopatent is a patent granted by the government to the inventor of biological entities.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Gene therapy.'

a functional ADAcDNA can be introduced into cells of the patients receiving gene therapy by using vector constituted by

zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

  1. E.coil

  2. Reoviridae

  3. Retrovirus

  4. Agrobacterium

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The deficiency of the purine salvage enzyme adenosine deaminase is associated with severe B and T-cell dysfunction. In order to investigate the ADA molecule, gene therapy using E.coli, cDNA clones encoding ADA gene sequences are obtained.
So the correct option is 'E.coli'.

Cystic fibrosis can be treated by .......... gene therapy.

zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

  1. TGP-B

  2. TPA

  3. DNase

  4. BGH

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Correct Option: C

Humulin is _________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Carbohydrate

  2. Fat

  3. Hybridomas

  4. Protein

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Correct Option: D

Insulin has 51 amino acids arranged in

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Single polypeptide

  2. Two polypeptides of 21 and 30 amino acids

  3. Two polypeptides of 25 and 26 amino acids

  4. Three polypeptides having 15, 16 and 20 amino acids

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Correct Option: B

After removal of signal peptide, the secretory protein involved in formation of insulin is known as

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Preinsulin

  2. Proinsulin

  3. Postinsulin

  4. Prepinsulin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The insulin mRNA is translated as a single chain precursor called preproinsulin, and removal of its signal peptide during insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum generates proinsulin. Insulin and free C peptide are packaged in the Golgi into secretory granules which accumulate in the cytoplasm.

So, the correct answer is 'Proinsulin.'

Assertion: Humilin synthesizes in the form of proinsulin.

Reason: C - peptide is not seen in mature insulin.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. A and R both are correct. Where R is explanation of A

  2. A and R both are correct. Where R is not explanation of A

  3. A is correct white R is correct

  4. A is incorrect white R is correct

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Insulin in human body is synthesized in the form of proinsulin . Proinsulin is a molecule which has 24 amino acids , B-chain peptide , C-chain peptide and A-chain peptide . The C-chain peptide of precursor insulin molecule has two amino acids . In mature insulin the C-chain peptide is cleaved off which results in the joining of A-chain peptide and B-chain peptide and form its active form. 

So the correct answer is ' A and R both are correct . Where R is the explanation of A ' .

Genetically engineered human insulin is called as

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Humulin

  2. Haematin

  3. Hybridoma

  4. Hybrid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Humulin is the genetically engineered insulin produced by inserting human insulin gene into a host cell (E. coli) which was then allowed to grow and reproduce normally. The inserted human DNA lead them to produce a synthetic version of human insulin. Hybrid is a offspring of two genetically dissimilar animals or plants which carries genetic material from both parents and express new specific genetic characteristics. The dark bluish or brownish pigment obtained by the oxidation of haeme that has contain iron in the ferric state is known as haematin. Hybridomas are the hybrids produced by introducing specific antigen into a mouse to collect antibody-producing cells. These cells are then fused with myeloma cell to produce hybridomas which multiply indefinitely and thus provide infinite source of a specific antibody.