Tag: applications of biotechnology

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Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Cloning of animals has been possible due to advances in

  1. nuclear technology

  2. computer technology

  3. biotechnology

  4. autoradiography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cloning in biotechnology refers to the process of creating clones i.e. exact copies of an organism. Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. Due to the advancement of biotechnological processes like DNA cloning, amplification, isolation, recombination etc. It has been possible to create clones of animals. 

So, the correct option is 'biotechnology.'

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Population of cells derived from a single parent cell is called

  1. Symmetrical cell

  2. Diploid

  3. Haploid

  4. Clone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Clone are cells or organism that is genetically identical to the original cell or organism from which it is derived. Many unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and yeasts, are clones of parent cells generated by either binary fission or budding. The body cells of plants and animals are clones ultimately derived from the mitosis (cell reproduction) of a single fertilized egg. More narrowly, a clone can be defined as an individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it.
So the correct option is 'clone'.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

A large number of bacteria produced from a single bacterium is called as 

  1. Deme

  2. Population

  3. Clones

  4. Offspring
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Cell clones can form by cell division from a single transformed cell and be propagated to produce a large number of cells with an identical foreign DNA molecules that we wish to clone into the cells, a process known as transformation. Amplification process produces a huge number of identical bacterial cell clones, each with the same foreign DNA sequence.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

'Cloning' is meant 

  1. For production of HGH gene is E. coli

  2. To preserve the genotype of organism

  3. To replace the original gene

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The clone is a population of cells or individuals which are genetically similar to the donor cell or individual. It can be performed by using the complete organisms or the cells from the single parent through the method of asexual reproduction. Its main purpose is to preserve the genotype of an organism. The cloning is of two types namely: 
i. Gene cloning at the molecular level and
ii. Cloning of the organisms.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Two offsprings having the same genetic material and the same body features, produced by one parent through asexual reproduction, are called as

  1. Identical twins

  2. Fraternal twins

  3. Callus

  4. Clones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Offspring produced through asexual reproduction from a single parent are genetically identical to the parent and to each other; these are defined as clones.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms?

  1. Retrovirus

  2. Baculovirus
  3. $Salmonella$ $typhimurium$
  4. $Rhizopus$ $nigricans$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Retroviruses, though have single-stranded RNA genomes but provide perhaps the most promising vector system of all. During the process of reverse transcription, sequences from the termini of viral RNA are duplicated to generate long terminal repeats(LTRs). These long terminal repeats contain both the promoter and the polyadenylation signal for the transcription of viral mRNAs. The specificity of proviral DNA integration is also determined by the long terminal repeats. Although retroviruses can integrate at many sites within the cellular genome, integrative recombination always occurs at particular sites at the ends of the LTRs. The sequences appropriately inserted between the two LTRs will be integrated intact which contrasts sharply with the integration of papovavirus or adenovirus DNA, during which extensive rearrangements of the integrated viral sequences are commonplace. A further great advantage of retroviruses is that they are natural transducing viruses.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Which is not a key step in the process of DNA molecular cloning?

  1. Heat shock at $42^oC$ for 90 seconds.

  2. Make DNA competent to take up plasmid with use of calcium chloride

  3. Seal plasmid carrying targeted genes into host cells genome using ligase.

  4. Introduce genes for cloning into a plasmid vector using restriction enzymes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A- The steps involved in the process of DNA molecular cloning are – selected DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid utilizing restriction enzymes and DNA ligase enzymes. The produced molecule of recombinant DNA is then introduced into a selected and grown up bacteria which reproduce by producing an exact copy of the plasmid and transferring it to their progeny.
So, the correct answer is 'Heat shock at 42oC42oC for 90 seconds'
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Plants having similar genotypes produced by plant breeding are called as 

  1. Clone

  2. Haploid

  3. Autopolypoid

  4. Genome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. The term clone is used in horticulture to refer to descendants of a single plant which were produced by vegetative reproduction. Many horticultural plant cultivars are clones, derived from a single individual, multiplied by some process other than sexual reproduction.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Dolly is a product of

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Animal cloning

  3. Cell fusion

  4. Gene therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dolly was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer ie, cloning me.method called Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer or SCNT. A clone has the same DNA sequence as its parent and so they are genetically identical. In SCNT, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced with the nucleus of a donor adult cell. Since 99.9% of the cell’s DNA is contained in the nucleus, the resulting animal will share almost exactly the same DNA as the original donor cell. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

A correction or alleviation of a genetic disorder by the introduction of a normal gene copy into an affected individual is called as

  1. Gene probe

  2. Gene multiplication

  3. Gene therapy

  4. Gene cloning
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gene cloning is the process of making the copies of gene of interest by locating it in DNA followed by extraction of DNA containing that gene. A probe is a radiolabeled single-stranded DNA/ RNA fragment used to search for a gene of interest or other DNA sequence. For the purpose, the base sequence of probe is complementary to the target sequence to facilitate its base pairing with target gene. Gene multiplication is a mechanism that increase the genes in their number of copies. It is also called as gene amplification and is the source of evolution. Gene therapy is the process of introduction of DNA into living human beings in order to treat disease. It is used to replace a missing gene product or to correct mutant alleles. Correct answer is C.