Tag: applications of biotechnology

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Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically modified organism transgenic organisms genetic modification and biotechnology

Heavy metals like nickel can be removed from water with the help of

  1. Filtration

  2. Carbomethylchitosan

  3. Biological treatment

  4. Ultrafiltration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The conventional methods which are commonly used for the removal of nickel from water are physico-chemical methods, such as chemical coagulation, chemical oxidation or reduction, active carbon adsorption, filtration, ion exchange and membrane technologies. Nickel behaves the same as iron, and can be removed by a strong acid cation exchanger. Activated-carbon filtration can be used to reduce the amount of nickel in drinking water, but may not remove it all. Reverse osmosis will remove 97 - 98% of the nickel from drinking water.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Clone Dolly was produced by the attempts of

  1. Charles Darwin

  2. Lederberg

  3. Ian Wilmut

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Sir Ian Wilmut, (born July 7, 1944, Hampton Lucy, Warwickshire, Eng.), British developmental biologist who was the first to use the nuclear transfer of differentiated adult cells to generate a mammalian clone, a Finn Dorset sheep named Dolly.
  • It was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer.
  • Hence Clone Dolly was produced by the attempts of Ian Wilmut.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Ian Wilmut'.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

A clone is a group of.

  1. Genetically similar organisms produced through asexual reproduction

  2. Genetically similar organisms produced through sexual reproduction

  3. Dissimilar organisms produced as a result of asexual reproduction

  4. Genetically dissimilar organisms produced as a result of sexual reproduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Clones are a group of individuals which are produced from a single parent by the process of asexual reproduction. These organisms are genetically similar to the donor organism. Cloning can be performed by using the complete organisms or the cells from the single parent. Cloning is done to preserve the genotype of an organism. Thus the correct answer is option A. 
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Cloning is a method to

  1. Replace original genotype

  2. Preserve genotype

  3. Production of HGH gene in Escherichia coli

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical copies of a biological entity. Therefore, its primary purpose is to preserve the genotype of the original organism.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Individuals of a clone have the

  1. Same behavior.

  2. Same height.

  3. Same genome.

  4. Same number of leaves.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The individual produced by the asexual reproduction are considered as a clone of their own parents and have same genome because of the following reasons:
1) Fusion of gametes does not takes place in asexual reproduction so there is no chance of recombination and variation.
2) The parent cell divides to form daughter cell by mitosis due to which the offspring is genetically identical to the parent.
3) The offspring produced are clones of their parent and have same number of chromosomes.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Genetically identical individuals are

  1. Cybrids

  2. Clones

  3. Hybrids

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cybrids are artificial hybrid cell produced by inserting nuclear material from one organism into an enucleated cell. Clones are the population of genetically identical individuals which are produced by asexual or vegetative reproduction. Hybrids are the recombinant individuals, that have genes from both parents and thus, show new combination of traits. Sexual reproduction does not produce clones owing to the three processes that causes recombination of genetic material and produce variations in progeny. These three processes are cross over during meiosis, independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis and random fusion of gametes. The resultant progeny will be a hybrid. Asexual reproduction does not include meiosis and fusion of gametes; omits the variation creating processes and produce clones. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

A population of genetically identical individuals, obtained from asexual reproduction is

  1. Callus

  2. Clone

  3. Deme

  4. Aggregate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A) Callus is unorganized actively dividing the mass of cells maintained in culture. It has a meristematic cell which has ample amount of cytoplasm to trigger cell division. It is treated with the growth hormones to allow the cell division and differentiation. 
B) A population of genetically identical individuals, obtained from asexual reproduction is a clone because fusion of gametes does not take place in vegetative propagation so there is no chance of recombination and variation. The parent cell divides to form daughter cell by mitosis due to which the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. The offspring produced are clones of their parent and have the same number of chromosomes.
C) Deme is the basic unit of an animal population can interbreed among themselves. It consists of two or more subspecies which can interbreed amongst itself. It shares its own distinct genetic pool. In isolation, the demes turn into distinct species or subspecies. 
D) Aggregate is form or group into a class or cluster.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

The scientist who performed successful animal cloning for the first time is 

  1. Flemming

  2. Jenner

  3. Watson

  4. Ian Wilmut
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Flemming in 1928 discovered antibiotic Penicillin from Penicillium.
B. Jenner discovered world's first vaccine for smallpox.
C. Watson along with his co-worker Crick, described the double helix structure of DNA and this model is known as Watson-Crick model.
D. Ian Wilmut was the first to perform cloning. He cloned a sheep from a somatic cell and named her Dolly.
So, the correct answer is 'Ian Wilmut'.
Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

What is not true about clone?

  1. They are derived from single parent

  2. It involves formation and fusion of two gametes

  3. It involves asexual reproduction

  4. Clone is a same gene copy of the parent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Clone formation is due to asexual reproduction. As meiosis does not occur here, so no gamete formation, hence no fusion of gametes occurs in clone formation.

So, the correct answer is 'it involves formation and fusion of two gametes'

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms? 

  1. Rhizopus nigricans

  2. Retrovirus

  3. Baculovirus

  4. Salmonella typhimurium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Salmonella (S.) typhi is an important intracellular pathogen, exclusively for humans  that causes typhoid or enteric fever that make most suitable as a vaccine vector carrying antigens of other pathogens. The hybrids are studied for  induced immune response against response to both the Salmonella bacteria and the antigen of the pathogen in under study.
  • Retroviral vectors are created by replacing retroviral gag, pol, and env genes with therapeutic gene and used in gene therapy which is the process of introduction of DNA into living human beings in order to treat disease. It is used to replace a missing gene product or to correct mutant alleles.
  • Baculoviruses have rod-shaped capsids and large, double-stranded DNA genomes that infect insects. Their polyhedrin gene is replaced with foreign DNA which is expressed at high levels under the control of the endogenous polyhedrin promoter and is mainly used for high-level transient protein expression in insects and insect cells.
  •  Rhizopus nigricans is used as host vector system for mass synthesis of protein encoded by gene cloned in plasmid vectors.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Retrovirus'.