Tag: applications of biotechnology

Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

Recombinant DNA bearing ampicillin resistance gene is passed in E. coli. The latter are spread on agar plates containing ampicillin. Then

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Both transformed and untransformed cells die

  2. Both transformed and untransformed cells grow

  3. Transformed recipient cells grow and untransformed cells die

  4. Transformed recipient cells die and untransformed cells grow

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Correct Option: C

Escherichia coli having plasmids for production of human insulin is cultured in medium containing __________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Glucose

  2. Maltose

  3. Lactose

  4. Sucrose

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Correct Option: C

Some of the steps involved in the production of humulin are given below. Choose the correct sequence
(i)   Synthesis of insulin gene artificially
(ii)  Culturing recombinant E. coli in bioreactors
(iii) Purification of humulin
(iv) Insertion of human insulin gene into a plasmid
(v)  Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E.coli
(vi) Extraction of a recombinant gene product from E. coli

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. ii, i, iv, iii, v, vi

  2. i, iv, v, ii, vi, iii

  3. i, iii, v, vi, ii, iv

  4. iii, v, ii, i, vi, iv

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Correct Option: B

In the technique of recombinant insulin production, the genes for $\alpha$- and $\beta$ - polypeptides were inserted into the plasmid by the side of __________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Antibiotic resistance gene

  2. Lac Z promoter gene

  3. $\beta$-galactosidase gene

  4. Ori

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Correct Option: C

Human insulin is being commercially produced from transgenic species of _____________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. E. coli

  2. Brassica napus

  3. Bacillus thuringiensis

  4. Agrobacterium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Human insulin is produced from genetically engineered E.coli. By using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, insulin-producing genes from human beings have been transferred into E.coli. bacteria, which produced insulin called 'humulin' for clinical use. This type of insulin was produced commercially by an American pharmaceutical firm Eli Lily on 5th July, 1983.


So, the correct answer is 'E.coli'.

Identify the wrong statement with reference to the structure of human insulin :

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  1. Insulin is synthesised as a pre-hormone which contains an extra stretch called C-peptide

  2. A and B chains are combined by disulphide bonds to form humulin

  3. Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains

  4. In these, chain A is made up of 30 amino acids and chain B is made up of 21 amino acids

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Correct Option: D

What is the advantage of clinical use of humulin over use of conventional ox or pig insulin __________________.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. It does not cause immunological problems

  2. It is cheaper for the patient

  3. It is produced by E. coli in our intestine

  4. There is no advantage

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Correct Option: A

Find out the wrong statement :

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Human protein used to treat emphysema is $\alpha$-1-antitrypsin.

  2. Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

  3. Rosie, the first transgenic cow produced human protein enriched milk.

  4. Cry Ab endotoxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis is effective against corn borers.

  5. Genetically modified bacterium used as biopesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis.

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Correct Option: B

Which of the following companies started selling $Humulin$  in the year 1983?

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Ell Lilly

  2. Genetech

  3. GEAC

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In 1983, Eli Lilly an American company, first prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chains of human insulin and introduced them in plasmids of Escherichia coil to produce insulin and chains. Chains A and B were produced separately, extracted and combined by creating disulphide bonds to form human insulin (humulin).

Which of the following statements regarding the structure of proinsulin and mature insulin are not correct?
(i) Proinsulin is made up of three polypeptide chains A, B, and C.
(ii) C-polypeptide chain with 33 amino acids is removed prior to insulin formation.
(iii) Mature insulin is made up of 51 amino acids and arranged in two polypeptide chains-A and B.
(iv) Polypeptide chain A has 30 amino acids and polypeptide chain B has 21 amino acids.
(v) Polypeptide chains A and B are interconnected by only one S-S linkage.

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (iii) and (iv)

  3. (iv) and (v)

  4. (iii), (iv) and (v)

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Human insulin is made up of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains: A, having 21 amino acids and B, with 30 amino acids. The two polypeptide chains are interconnected by two disulphide bridges. The two polypeptide chains are interconnected by two disulphide briges. The hormone develops from a storage product called pronsulin. Proinsulin has three chains: A, B and C, C-chain with 33 amino acids is removed prior to insulin formation.
So, the correct answer is '(iv) and (v)'.