Tag: applications of biotechnology

Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

Diabetes is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood.

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  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high.
  • Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. With type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin.
  • Hence diabetes is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood is a true statement.
  • So, the correct answer is 'True'.

Scientists have been able to splice the eukaryotic gene for the production of human insulin into the genome of bacterial cells and induce those bacteria to express the gene and produce insulin. This suggests which of the following?

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  1. Prokaryotic cells many have evolved from eukaryotic cells.

  2. DNA is a universal molecular carrier of genetic information for all life on the planet.

  3. Bacteria cells naturally produce and use insulin.

  4. Humans have a symbiotic relationship with certain species of bacteria living in their intestines that produce insulin.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic organisms are made of double stranded DNA, that has the same type of nitrogen bases. The difference lies in the number and the arrangement of nitrogen bases 

So, the correct answer is 'DNA is a universal molecular carrier of genetic information for all life on the planet.'

Human insulin can be mass produced using genetically modified bacteria. The human insulin gene is added to a bacteria strain, and the bacteria will produce the human protein. This process demonstrates that

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  1. Bacteria have mechanisms for identifying and translating foreign DNA.

  2. DNA is functionally identical in all organisms.

  3. Humans and bacteria are closely related.

  4. Humans are prokaryotic.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Human insulin can be mass produced using genetically modified bacteria, human insulin gene is added to the bacterial plasmid, which replicates and produces the protein. DNA in all organisms is chemically same but functionally different.
So, the correct answer is 'Bacteria have mechanisms for identifying and translating foreign DNA'

Humulin is

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  1. A form of chitin

  2. A powerful antibiotic

  3. A new digestive enzyme

  4. Human insulin

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Humulin was the first medication produced using modern genetic engineering techniques in which actual human DNA is inserted into a host cell (E. coli). The host cells are then allowed to grow and reproduce normally, and due to the inserted human DNA, they produce a synthetic version of human insulin.

What is used in production of insulin by genetic engineering?

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Rhizobium

  2. Saccharomyces

  3. Mycobacterium

  4. Escherichia

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Correct Option: D

Multiple Choice Question

Which one of the following is now being commercially produced by biotechnological procedures?

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  1. Nicotine

  2. Morphine

  3. Quinine

  4. Insulin

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biotechnology refers to technology used to manipulate DNA. The procedures are often referred to as genetic engineering. DNA is the genetic material of all living organisms and all organisms use the same genetic code. Genes from one kind of organism can be transcribed and translated when put into another kind of organism. For example, human and other genes are routinely put into bacteria in order to synthesize products for medical treatment and commercial use. Human insulin, human growth hormone, and vaccines are produced by bacteria.

Globular protein of ~ 6kDaconsisting of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains held by disulphide bridge is

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  1. Insulin

  2. Fibrinogen

  3. Glucagon

  4. Keratin

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Correct Option: A

Genetic engineering has helped in production of

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Thyroxine

  2. Insulin

  3. Parathormone

  4. Epinephrine

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Correct Option: B

Which one of correct?

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Centromere is found in animal cells which produces aster during cell division

  2. Insulin gene is present in every body cell

  3. Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides

  4. DNA has a core of eight histones

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Correct Option: B

Maturation of proinsulin into insulin takes place after

zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

  1. Joining of c-peptide

  2. Removal of c-peptide

  3. Removal of disulphide bridge

  4. Addition of disulphide bridge

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Correct Option: B