Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,711 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following combinations is correct?

  1. Vitamin B9 - Discovery in the year 1941 – Meat

  2. Vitamin D - Discovery in the year 1920 – Green leaves

  3. Vitamin B1 - Discovery in the year 1920 – Rice bran

  4. Vitamin A - Discovery in the year 1913 – Cod liver oil

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following combinations is correct?

  1. Vitamin B2 - Riboflavin – Pellagra

  2. Vitamin K - Tocopherol - Bleeding diathesis

  3. Vitamin D - Cholecalciferol – Rickets

  4. Vitamin A - Retinol – Beri-Beri

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct combination as the scientific name of vitamin D is cholecalciferol and its deficiency will cause rickets.

Multiple choice

Which of the following vitamins is mainly synthesised in the skin?

  1. Vitamin B3

  2. Vitamin D

  3. Vitamin K

  4. Vitamin C

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Very few foods contain vitamin D. Synthesis of vitamin D takes place in the skin. Vitamin D produced from sunlight is biologically inactive. Its activation occurs in liver and kidney. Hence, it is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements about vitamin A:

  1. Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated organic compounds which includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and many provitamin A carotenoids.
  2. It is important for growth and development, and for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision.
  3. Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 3

  2. Only 3

  3. 2 and 3

  4. All of the above

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct option as all of the above mentioned statements about vitamin A are correct.

Multiple choice

Golden rice is rich in

  1. vitamin A

  2. vitamin B

  3. vitamin C

  4. vitamin D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is a variety of Oryza sativa  produced by genetic engineering to synthesize beta carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. This option is correct.

Multiple choice

Which pair is not correctly matched?

  1. Vitamin K - Beriberi

  2. Vitamin C - Scurvy

  3. Iodine - Goitre

  4. Iron - Anaemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. There are two types of the disease: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. In extreme cases, wet beriberi can cause heart failure. Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to a loss of muscle strength and eventually, muscle paralysis. Beriberi can be life-threatening if it isn’t treated. Thus, (1) is incorrect.

Multiple choice

Which of the following cannot be synthesized naturally in the human body?

  1. Essential amino acids

  2. Vitamin K

  3. Fatty acids

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An essential amino acid or indispensable amino acid is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized de novo by the organism (usually referring to humans) and therefore, must be supplied in the diet. The amino acids regarded as essential for humans are phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, isoleucine, methionine, leucine, lysine and histidine.

Multiple choice

Match the following food items with major vitamins they possess and choose the correct option given below:

1. Carrots (i) Vitamin D
2. Cord liver oil (ii) Vitamin C
3. Amla (iii) Vitamin B
4. Egg (iv) Vitamin A

  1. 1 - (i), 2 - (ii), 3 - (iii), 4 - (iv)

  2. 1 - (ii), 2 - (i), 3 - (iv), 4 - (iii)

  3. 1 - (iii), 2 - (iv), 3 - (i), 4 - (ii)

  4. 1 - (iv), 2 - (iii), 3 - (ii), 4 - (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
1. Carrots
(i) Vitamin A
2. Cord liver oil
(ii) Vitamin B
3. Amla
(iii) Vitamin C
4. Egg
(iv) Vitamin D
Multiple choice

Which among the following is the appropriate ration for broilers?

  1. Protein-rich feed with adequate vitamins

  2. Protein-rich feed with adequate fat

  3. Mineral-rich feed with adequate vitamins

  4. Starch-rich feed with adequate minerals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Broilers are raised for the production of meat. Protein-rich feed with adequate fat is the appropriate ration for broilers. This supplies proper energy and proteins to the body.

Multiple choice

______ is rich in vitamin C.

  1. Orange

  2. Gram

  3. Fish

  4. Mango
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Oranges and other citrus fruits are excellent sources of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), providing a significant portion of daily requirements. Gram provides protein, fish offers omega-3 fatty acids and protein, and mango is rich in vitamin A but has less vitamin C than citrus.