Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,549 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: Answer the following question by selecting the most appropriate option.

Vitamins are substances

  1. required in small quantities to prevent deficiency diseases

  2. that increase our metabolic rate leading to loss of weight

  3. required as medicines to make us healthy

  4. that build muscles to keep us strong
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamins are organic compounds that the body requires in small amounts for proper functioning. They are essential nutrients that prevent deficiency diseases when present in adequate quantities, but are not medicines or weight loss solutions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following option is true about Vitamin A?

  1. It Is water - soluble

  2. Its deficiency causes impaired vision

  3. It maintains normal plasma calcium levels

  4. It is required for formation of clotting factors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency of vitamin A leads to night blindness.

Multiple choice

Which of the following compounds helps in digesting vitamin B12 non-destructively?

  1. Cubilin

  2. Transcobalamin-1

  3. Transcobalamin-2

  4. Transcobalamin-3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Transcobalamin-1, also known as haptocorrin, is present in saliva. It strongly binds and protects B12 molecules from stomach acids as they enter the stomach. After B12-haptocorrin complexes pass from the stomach via the pylorus to the duodenum, pancreatic proteases cleave haptocorrin from B12 molecules. 

Multiple choice

Match the given vitamins with their chemical names and the corresponding effect of their deficiency in the human body.

   
VITAMINS CHEMICAL NAME DEFICIENCY
A. Vitamin E I. Niacin 1. Bleeding Diathesis
B. Vitamin B3 II. Biotin 2. Spinocerebellar ataxia
C. Vitamin K III. Cholecalciferol 3. Dermatitis
D. Vitamin D IV. Tocopherols 4. Pellagra
E. Vitamin B7 V. Phylloquinone 5. Rickets

  1. A - IV - 1, B - III - 2, C - II - 3, D - III - 5, E - I - 4

  2. A - IV - 2, B - I - 4, C - V - 1, D - III - 5, E - II - 3

  3. A - IV - 1, B - II - 2, C - V - 3, D - I - 4, E - III - 5

  4. A - IV - 2, B - II - 3, C - III - 1, D - V - 5, E - I - 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant, which prevents production of reactive O during fat synthesis. If this is permitted, the fats will be destroyed that will lead to shedding of myelin sheath: spinocerebellar ataxia. Vitamin D causes rickets due to lack of cholecalciferol. Deficiency of B3(niacin) causes slower metabolic rates and eventually pellagra. Vitamin K, which is found in abundance in green leafy vegetables, is essentially required for post-translational modification. It is known as phylloquinone and its deficiency causes blood related issues.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

  1. Vitamin A and Vitamin C

  2. Vitamin B complex and Vitamin D

  3. Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C

  4. Vitamin A and Vitamin D

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both are water soluble vitamins. Hence, it is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

What is the other name of Vitamin B12?

  1. Phylloquinone

  2. Ascorbic acid

  3. Biotin

  4. Riboflavin

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct answer as the other name of vitamin B12 is phylloquinone. It is a water-soluble vitamin and plays a main role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and in the formation of blood.

Multiple choice

Which of the following combinations is correct?

  1. Vitamin B9 - Discovery in the year 1941 – Meat

  2. Vitamin D - Discovery in the year 1920 – Green leaves

  3. Vitamin B1 - Discovery in the year 1920 – Rice bran

  4. Vitamin A - Discovery in the year 1913 – Cod liver oil

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is correct.