Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,711 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Vitamin-B (Riboflavin) is obtained from which of the following bacteria?

Bacteria play a major role in the constant nourishment of our life. There are numerous beneficial as well as damaging bacteria around us. They use in different fields like agriculture, industry, medical, etc.

  1. Bacillus substises

  2. Bacillus typhosus

  3. Rhizobium

  4. Clostridium

  5. Fusarium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin-B (Riboflavin) is obtained from Clostridium bacteria,  which is especially important for medicinal uses.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a dietary nutrient?

  1. Protein

  2. Vitamin

  3. Carbohydrate

  4. Fat

  5. Nucleic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Dietary nutrients are substances that provide energy or are essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissues. Proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, and fats are all essential dietary nutrients. Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) are present in food but are not classified as dietary nutrients - they are broken down into their components (nucleotides, bases, sugars) during digestion rather than being absorbed as nutrients.

Multiple choice

Which one of these helps in storing the energy in the body?

  1. Vitamins

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Proteins

  4. Fats

  5. Roughage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fats are the primary energy storage molecule in the body, providing 9 calories per gram compared to 4 calories per gram from carbohydrates or proteins. Adipose tissue stores fat for long-term energy use.

Multiple choice

Which of the following help in the repair of cells?

  1. Proteins

  2. Fats

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Vitamins

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are essential for cell repair and tissue building. They provide amino acids needed to synthesize new cellular structures, enzymes, and to heal damaged tissues. This is why protein intake is crucial for recovery from injury.

Multiple choice

Which of the following help in growth of cells?

  1. Proteins

  2. Fats

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Vitamins

  5. Minerals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are fundamental for cell growth and division. They provide the amino acids necessary to synthesize new cellular structures and support tissue development, making them essential for growth in children and muscle development in adults.

Multiple choice

Match the following and choose the correct option ||| |---|---| | Vitamins| Deficiency disorder| | 1. Vitamin D| i. Night blindness| | 2. Vitamin C| ii. Beri-beri| | 3. Vitamin B| iii. Scurvy| | 4. Vitamin A| iv. Rickets|

  1. 1 - (i), 2 - (ii), 3 - (iii), 4 - (iv)

  2. 1 - (ii), 2 - (i), 3 - (iv), 4 - (iii)

  3. 1 - (iii), 2 - (iv), 3 - (i), 4 - (ii)

  4. 1 - (iv), 2 - (iii), 3 - (ii), 4 - (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency of vitamin D – Rickets Deficiency of vitamin C – Scurvy Deficiency of vitamin B – Beri-beri Deficiency of vitamin A – Nightblindness

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect about vitamins and minerals?

  1. They are essential part of our diet.

  2. They are required in very large quantity.

  3. They help in protecting the body.

  4. They can be obtained from nuts, green vegetables and fruits.

  5. Minerals provide strength to our body.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Our body require vitamins and minerals in a very small quantity. The daily requirements of minerals required by the body can be obtained from a well-balanced diet. The excess of vitamins and minerals can produce toxic effects in our body.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct about Vitamin-D3 or Cholecalciferol?

  1. It is produced non-enzymetically in skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol.

  2. It is an antioxidant.

  3. It is composed of imidazole and thiophene ring fused together.

  4. It contains pterin ring connected with p-aminobenzoic acid.

  5. It is a corrinoid bearing the corrin ring.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin-D3 or Cholecalciferol is synthesized in skin. At first previtamin-D is produced non-enzymetically in skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol with the help of UV rays of sunlight. Then it undergoes several reactions for some time to form cholecalciferol.

Multiple choice

Which Vitamin-A derivative is obtained from oxidation of retinal?

The various forms of Vitamin-A work as hormone and are present in the vertebrate eye in the form of visual pigment. Vitamin-A activity is seen in both carotenoids and retinoids.

  1. β carotene

  2. Retinoic acid

  3. Retinol

  4. Retin-A

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Retinoic acid, a Vitamin-A derivative is obtained from oxidation of retinal. 9-cis retinoic acid and trans-retinoic acid control development, growth and differentiation of tissues. It also controls gene expression.

Multiple choice

Which vitamin is found abundantly in mushrooms?

  1. Vitamin D1

  2. Vitamin D5

  3. Vitamin D3

  4. Vitamin D2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Alfalfa and mushrooms are the good sources of vitamin D2. About 13.1 mcg of vitamin D2 is present in mushroom portobello and 4.8 mcg in alfalfa.