Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,549 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

What is the chemical name of vitamin B1?

  1. Riboflavin

  2. Thiamine

  3. Cyanocobalamin

  4. Pyridoxine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B1 is thiamine, essential for carbohydrate metabolism and nerve function. Riboflavin is B2, cyanocobalamin is B12, and pyridoxine is B6. Thiamine deficiency causes beriberi, and the vitamin is found in whole grains, legumes, and pork.

Multiple choice

Blood clotting cannot take place in the absence of

  1. vitamin A

  2. vitamin K

  3. calcium ions

  4. vitamin B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X in the liver. Without vitamin K, these factors cannot be properly carboxylated and become functionally inactive, leading to impaired blood clotting. This is why vitamin K deficiency causes bleeding disorders.

Multiple choice

Orange peel is not a good source of

  1. vitamin C

  2. iron

  3. dietary fibre

  4. calcium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, this is the correct answer. Orange peel is not a source of iron. It is a good source of calcium, dietary fibre and vitamin C.

Multiple choice

Compounds, which are important in the functioning of enzymes, are

  1. vitamins

  2. salts

  3. carbohydrates

  4. alkaloids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamins (especially B vitamins) act as coenzymes or cofactors that are essential for proper enzyme function. Many enzymes require vitamin-derived cofactors to catalyze biochemical reactions. Salts, carbohydrates, and alkaloids do not typically function as enzyme cofactors in the same way.

Multiple choice

Vitamin B12 is helpful

  1. in the absorption of fats

  2. to stimulate the liver

  3. to stimulate the bone marrow

  4. to increase life span of RBC

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell formation in bone marrow. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia due to impaired erythropoiesis, not effects on fat absorption, liver stimulation, or RBC lifespan.

Multiple choice

Calciferol is

  1. vitamin A

  2. vitamin B

  3. vitamin C

  4. vitamin D

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calciferol is the chemical name for Vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption and bone health. It exists in two forms: D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol).

Multiple choice

Vitamin C is

  1. ascorbic acid

  2. nicotinic acid

  3. lipoic acid

  4. aspartic acid

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, a water-soluble vitamin essential for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and antioxidant function. Nicotinic acid (niacin) is Vitamin B3, lipoic acid is a cofactor, and aspartic acid is an amino acid.

Multiple choice

Vitamin excreted by urine in higher vertebrates is

  1. A

  2. D

  3. K

  4. C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin that is not stored in the body. Excess amounts are excreted through urine in higher vertebrates. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) which can be stored in liver and adipose tissue, Vitamin C requires regular dietary intake as surplus is eliminated renally.