Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,549 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following are the correct components required for blood clotting?

  1. Prothrombin, calcium, vitamin A, platelets

  2. Albumin, globulin, vitamin K, calcium

  3. Prothrombin, fibrinogen, Power Stewart factor, calcium

  4. Heparin, calcium, vitamin D, Hageman factor

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Prothrombin is converted to thrombin by thromboplastin; fibrinogen is converted into fibrin which ultimately produces clot. Power Stewart factor is the factor X essential for blood clotting. Calcium is another essential factor in blood clotting.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
(1) Vitamin A (a) Rickets
(2) Vitamin C (b) Cataract
(3) Vitamin D (c) Anemia
(4) Vitamin B12 (d) Scurvy

  1. (1) - (b), (2) - (d), (3) - (a) and (4) - (c)

  2. (1) - (b), (2) - (d), (3) - (c) and (4) - (a)

  3. (1) - (c), (2) - (d), (3) - (a) and (4) - (b)

  4. (1) - (a), (2) - (b), (3) - (c) and (4) - (d)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) Vitamin A - (b) Cataract (2) Vitamin C - (d) Scurvy (3) Vitamin D - (a) Rickets (4) Vitamin B12 - (c) Anemia

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium in the gut.
  2. Liver oil is rich in vitamin A.

Which of the given statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium in the gut. Statement 2 is also correct. Liver oil is rich in vitamin A, which plays a role in maintaining normal vision, reproductive functions and a healthy immune system.

Multiple choice

Which of the following vitamins is essential for the formation of the plasma protein prothrombin in the liver?

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin B

  3. Vitamin C

  4. Vitamin E

  5. Vitamin K
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin, so your body stores it in fat tissue and the liver. It is best known for its role in helping blood clot or coagulates properly. Blood clotting factors are needed for blood to clot (coagulation). Prothrombin or factor II is one of the clotting factors made by the liver. Vitamin K is needed to make prothrombin and other clotting factors.

Multiple choice

Match the following and choose the correct option ||| |---|---| | Vitamins| Deficiency disorder| | 1. Vitamin D| i. Night blindness| | 2. Vitamin C| ii. Beri-beri| | 3. Vitamin B| iii. Scurvy| | 4. Vitamin A| iv. Rickets|

  1. 1 - (i), 2 - (ii), 3 - (iii), 4 - (iv)

  2. 1 - (ii), 2 - (i), 3 - (iv), 4 - (iii)

  3. 1 - (iii), 2 - (iv), 3 - (i), 4 - (ii)

  4. 1 - (iv), 2 - (iii), 3 - (ii), 4 - (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency of vitamin D – Rickets Deficiency of vitamin C – Scurvy Deficiency of vitamin B – Beri-beri Deficiency of vitamin A – Nightblindness

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect about vitamins and minerals?

  1. They are essential part of our diet.

  2. They are required in very large quantity.

  3. They help in protecting the body.

  4. They can be obtained from nuts, green vegetables and fruits.

  5. Minerals provide strength to our body.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Our body require vitamins and minerals in a very small quantity. The daily requirements of minerals required by the body can be obtained from a well-balanced diet. The excess of vitamins and minerals can produce toxic effects in our body.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct about Vitamin-D3 or Cholecalciferol?

  1. It is produced non-enzymetically in skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol.

  2. It is an antioxidant.

  3. It is composed of imidazole and thiophene ring fused together.

  4. It contains pterin ring connected with p-aminobenzoic acid.

  5. It is a corrinoid bearing the corrin ring.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin-D3 or Cholecalciferol is synthesized in skin. At first previtamin-D is produced non-enzymetically in skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol with the help of UV rays of sunlight. Then it undergoes several reactions for some time to form cholecalciferol.

Multiple choice

Which Vitamin-A derivative is obtained from oxidation of retinal?

The various forms of Vitamin-A work as hormone and are present in the vertebrate eye in the form of visual pigment. Vitamin-A activity is seen in both carotenoids and retinoids.

  1. β carotene

  2. Retinoic acid

  3. Retinol

  4. Retin-A

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Retinoic acid, a Vitamin-A derivative is obtained from oxidation of retinal. 9-cis retinoic acid and trans-retinoic acid control development, growth and differentiation of tissues. It also controls gene expression.