Vitamins and Nutrition

Calciferol is the chemical name for Vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption and bone health. It exists in two forms: D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol).

Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, a water-soluble vitamin essential for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and antioxidant function. Nicotinic acid (niacin) is Vitamin B3, lipoic acid is a cofactor, and aspartic acid is an amino acid.

Agar is not absolutely essential for culturing tissues and cells.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin that is not stored in the body. Excess amounts are excreted through urine in higher vertebrates. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) which can be stored in liver and adipose tissue, Vitamin C requires regular dietary intake as surplus is eliminated renally.

B-complex vitamin and vitamin C are water-soluble vitamins.

Vitamin B₂ is also referred to as riboflavin, not thiamine.

Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by thyroid gland, which helps in construction of bone and reduction of blood Ca²⁺.

Yes, pH at which protein is electrically neutral is called as isoelectric pH.

Vitamin E, i.e. alpha tocopherol accounts for a high antioxidant activity of the membrane (tonoplast).

Oranges and other citrus fruits are excellent sources of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), containing approximately 50-60mg per 100g serving. While potatoes, spinach, and carrots contain some vitamin C, their concentrations are significantly lower. Citrus fruits are renowned for their high vitamin C content.

Vitamin D is uniquely synthesized in human skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol reacts with UVB radiation from sunlight, forming previtamin D3 which then converts to active vitamin D. No other vitamin is produced in this manner - vitamins A, B12, and C must be obtained from dietary sources.

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver, including prothrombin and factors II, VII, IX and X. Without adequate vitamin K, blood cannot clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding. Reproduction is controlled by hormones, while carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism involve different vitamin complexes.

Peroxisomes play an important role in absorption of vitamin A.

Vitamin B₁₂ is a B group vitamin and are soluble in water. Only vitamin B₁₂ can be stored in our body.

Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with anti-oxidant properties. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form (vitamer) of Vitamin C.