Biology ยท General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,711 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following A. vitamin E i. Scurvy B. vitamin K ii. Rickets C. vitamin C iii. Sterility D. vitamin D iv. Blood coagulation

  1. (a) i (b) ii (c) iv (d) ii

  2. (a) iii (b) iv (c) I (d) ii

  3. (a) iv (b) iii (c) I (d) ii

  4. (a) ii (b) I (c) iii (d) iv
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin E deficiency is linked to reproductive issues/sterility. Vitamin K is essential for blood coagulation. Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets (soft bones). The matching in option C is correct.

Multiple choice

Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of

  1. Vit A

  2. Vit B

  3. Vit C

  4. Vit D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ascorbic acid is the chemical name for Vitamin C, which is essential for immune function and collagen synthesis. Vitamins A, B, and D have different chemical names - retinol, various B-complex compounds, and calciferol respectively.

Multiple choice

Match the following ||||| |---|---|---|---| | A. | Vitamin B1 | (i) | Scurvy | | B. | Vitamin K | (ii) | Beri-Beri | | C. | Vitamin C | (iii) | Pernicious anaemia | | D. | Vitamin B12 | (iv) | Haemorrhage |

  1. A - iii, B - ii, C - i, D - iv

  2. A - ii, B - iv, C - i, D - iii

  3. A - ii, B - iv, C - iii, D - i

  4. A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D - i
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency causes beri-beri, Vitamin K deficiency causes hemorrhage/bleeding problems, Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency causes scurvy, and Vitamin B12 deficiency causes pernicious anemia. Option B correctly matches all pairs.

Multiple choice

Washing of peeled vegetables removes the vitamin _____.

  1. A

  2. C

  3. D

  4. E
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C is water-soluble and leaches out when peeled vegetables are washed. The peeling itself exposes the vitamin-rich flesh, and washing further washes away this water-soluble vitamin. This is why it's better to wash vegetables before peeling them.

Multiple choice

The other name for vitamin A is

  1. glucose

  2. retinol

  3. protein

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin A is chemically known as retinol. It is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision, immune function, and cellular growth. The correct answer is B (retinol). Options A (glucose - a simple sugar) and C (protein - a macromolecule) are incorrect classifications.

Multiple choice

Antioxidants protect the body cells from damage caused by free radicals. The lipids capable of functioning as an antioxidant and as a precursor of vitamin A in the human body are _______________.

  1. glycerolipids

  2. prenol lipids

  3. sterol lipids

  4. glycerophospholipids

  5. sphingolipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A.

Multiple choice

Thiamine is a vitamin, also called vitamin B1. Which of the following is a synthetic derivative of thiamine ?

  1. Allithiamine

  2. Benfotiamine

  3. Prosultiamine

  4. Sulbutiamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sulbutiamine is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). As a dimer of two modified thiamine molecules, it is a lipophilic compound that crosses the blood-brain barrier more readily than thiamine and increases the levels of thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters in the brain.