Biology · General Awareness

Vaccination and Immunity

965 Questions

This hub presents questions focused on vaccination and human immunity. It covers essential topics such as herd immunity, non-specific immunity, antigens, and historical vaccine developments. These concepts are crucial for general science sections in medical and civil service exams.

Herd immunity functionsNon-specific immunitySmallpox vaccinationInterferon proteinsAntigen propertiesImmunological amnesia

Vaccination and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Active immunity is obtained by

  1. antibodies

  2. weakened germs infection

  3. natural resistance

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Active immunity results when exposure to a diseased organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease. Exposure to the diseased organism can occur through infection with the actual disease (resulting in natural immunity) or introduction of a killed or weakened form of the diseased organism through vaccination (vaccine-induced immunity).

Multiple choice

DPT vaccine is given for

  1. tetanus, polio, plague

  2. diphtheria, whooping cough, leprosy

  3. diphtheria, pneumonia, tetanus

  4. diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

DPT is a combination of vaccines used against three infectious diseases - diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus.

Multiple choice

B.C.G. vaccine is used against

  1. T.B.

  2. leprosy

  3. food poisoning

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

B.C.G. is Bacillus Calmette–Guérin. It is a vaccine against tuberculosis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding vaccine is incorrect?

  1. A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

  2. Vaccine contains a substance called antigen, which is recognised by our body's immune system as foreign.

  3. The antigens in vaccines are weakened or killed versions of substances that cause diseases.

  4. Vaccines can be administered against all infectious diseases.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vaccines cannot be administered against all infectious diseases.                 

Multiple choice

The immunoglobulin used in the preparation of caries vaccine for the prevention of dental caries is __________________.

  1. IgG

  2. IgA

  3. IgM

  4. IgD
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

IgA is involved in protection against caries as it inhibits adherence of microorganism to the mucosal surfaces and therefore their disposal by swallowing. IgA is also the major immune globulin in salvia. It is also used in the preparation of caries vaccine for prevention of dental caries because of the above said reason.

Multiple choice

Adjuvant used in DPT vaccine is __________.

  1. zinc

  2. manganese

  3. aluminium

  4. copper
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Adjuvants are the substances added to vaccines to improve their humoral antibody response. In DPT vaccine, aluminium phosphate and aluminium are used as adjuvants.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an inactivated vaccine?

  1. Yellow fever vaccine

  2. Mumps vaccine

  3. BCG

  4. Rabies vaccine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Antirabies vaccine – They are of two types: neural vaccines and nonneural vaccines. Semple vaccine is most widely used vaccine and it consists of 5% suspension of sheep brain infected with fixed virus and which is inactivated by phenol. BPL vaccine is a modification of semple vaccine in which B-propiolactone is used as an inactivating agent.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about congenital diseases?

a. They are caused by deficiency of nutrients. b. They are characterized by a condition existing at or before birth, regardless of the cause. c. They can be vaccinated against by providing active acquired immunity.

  1. a and c

  2. b and c

  3. a only

  4. b only

  5. c only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as congenital diseases are characterized by a condition existing at or before birth, regardless of cause.