Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A man sold his car at a loss of 5%. had he sold it for Rs. 18000 more he would have made a profit of 4% find the cost price of the car.

  1. Rs. 180000

  2. Rs. 190000

  3. Rs. 200000

  4. Rs. 225000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Selling at 5% loss means SP1 = 0.95x. Selling for Rs. 18,000 more gives SP2 = 0.95x + 18000, which is a 4% profit: SP2 = 1.04x. So 1.04x = 0.95x + 18000, giving 0.09x = 18000, thus x = 18000/0.09 = Rs. 200,000. This is a standard profit-loss problem requiring understanding of percentage calculations.

Multiple choice

When an article is sold for Rs. 116, the profit percent is thrice as much as when it is sold for Rs. 92. The cost price of the article is

  1. Rs. 68

  2. Rs. 72

  3. Rs. 78

  4. Rs. 80
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price = x. When sold at Rs. 116, profit = 116 - x. When sold at Rs. 92, profit = 92 - x. Given: profit at 116 is thrice profit at 92, so (116 - x) = 3(92 - x). Solving: 116 - x = 276 - 3x, which gives 2x = 160, so x = Rs. 80. Verification: Profit at 116 = 36, profit at 92 = 12, and indeed 36 = 3 × 12.

Multiple choice

A trader sells 145 metres of cloth for Rs. 12,325 at a profit of Rs. 10 per metre of cloth. What is the cost price of 1 metre of cloth?

  1. Rs. 65

  2. Rs. 75

  3. Rs. 95

  4. Rs. 85
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total selling price = Rs. 12,325 for 145 metres. Total profit = 145 × 10 = Rs. 1,450. Cost price = Selling price - Profit = 12,325 - 1,450 = Rs. 10,875. Cost price per metre = 10,875 ÷ 145 = Rs. 75. Alternatively: SP per metre = 12,325 ÷ 145 = Rs. 85. CP per metre = 85 - 10 = Rs. 75.

Multiple choice

How many articles were sold? I. Total profit earned was Rs. 1,596/-. II. Cost-price per article was Rs. 632/-. III. Selling price per article was Rs. 765/-.

  1. II and III only

  2. I and II only

  3. All I, II and III

  4. Any two of the three

  5. Question cannot be answered even with the information in all three statements
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Profit per article = Selling price - Cost price = 765 - 632 = Rs. 133. Total profit = Rs. 1596. Number of articles = Total profit / Profit per article = 1596/133 = 12. We need all three values: total profit (I), cost price (II), and selling price (III) to calculate the profit per article and then divide into total profit. Any two alone are insufficient.

Multiple choice

A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but still 25% on his outlay. What weight does he subsitute for a Kilogram?

  1. 750 gm

  2. 800 gm

  3. 950 gm

  4. 700 gm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The dealer gains 25% profit while claiming to sell at cost price. This means he gives only 100/(100+25) = 100/125 = 4/5 of the actual weight. For 1 kg (1000 gm), he substitutes 1000 × 4/5 = 800 gm. Profit = (1000-800)/800 = 200/800 = 25%. Therefore, he substitutes 800 gm for every kilogram.

Multiple choice

A merchant allows a discount of 10% for cash payment. How much percentage above the cost price must he marks his goods. So as to make a profit of 17%?

  1. 27%

  2. 30%

  3. 33%

  4. 40%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Target SP for 17% profit = 117. After 10% cash discount on MP, we get 0.9 × MP = 117, so MP = 117 ÷ 0.9 = 130. Mark-up above CP = (130 - 100) ÷ 100 × 100 = 30%. Answer A (27%) is 117 ÷ 0.9 - 17 calculated incorrectly, C (33%) might be 17% + 10% + 6% arbitrary, D (40%) has no clear derivation.

Multiple choice

A cooker is sold at a gain of 16%. If it had been sold for Rs. 20 more, 20% would have been gained. The cost price of the cooker is

  1. Rs. 350

  2. Rs. 400

  3. Rs. 500

  4. Rs. 600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be the cost price. At 16% gain, selling price is 1.16×CP. At 20% gain, selling price would be 1.20×CP. The difference is 0.04×CP = Rs. 20. Therefore, CP = 20 ÷ 0.04 = Rs. 500. This question tests the relationship between cost price, profit percentage, and selling price.

Multiple choice

A man purchased on article for Rs. 2670 and make it marked price 20% more than and allow 10% discount then profit perentage?

  1. 12%

  2. 10%

  3. 6%

  4. 8%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marked Price = Cost Price + 20% = 2670 + (2670 × 0.20) = Rs. 3204. After 10% discount on marked price, Selling Price = 3204 - (3204 × 0.10) = Rs. 2883.60. Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 2883.60 - 2670 = Rs. 213.60. Profit percentage = (213.60 / 2670) × 100 = 8%. The profit is 8% of the cost price.