Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: The following problem has a question and two statements which are labelled (1) and (2). Use the data given in (1) and (2) together with other available information (such as the numbers in a day, the definition of clockwise, mathematical facts, etc.) to decide whether the statements are sufficient to answer the question. A crate of oranges costs Rs. 10. What per cent of the cost of an orange is the selling price of an orange? (1) The oranges are sold for Rs. 6 each. (2) There are 20 oranges in a crate.

  1. If you can get the answer from (1) alone but not from (2) alone.

  2. If you can get the answer from (2) alone but not from (1) alone.

  3. If you can get the answer from (1) and (2) together, although neither of the statements by itself suffices.

  4. If statement (1) alone is sufficient or statement (2) alone is sufficient.

  5. If you cannot get the answer from statements (1) and (2) together, but need even more data.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

To find the percentage, we need the cost price and selling price of a single orange. Statement (1) gives the selling price (Rs. 6). Statement (2) gives the number of oranges (20), allowing us to find the cost price per orange (10/20 = 0.5). Both are needed.

Multiple choice

P sold an article to Q at a profit of 17.5% and Q sold the same article to R at some loss. Later, R sold that same article to S at a profit of (38.89)%. The difference between the selling price of the article by R and the buying price of the same article by R was Rs. 700. From the information given above, which of the following can be determined? A. The buying price of the article by person S. B. The selling price of the article by person P. C. The loss percentage at which Q sold the article to R. D. The selling price of the article by R.

  1. Only A and B

  2. Only C and D

  3. All A, B, C and D

  4. Only A and D

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of P be X. SP of P = 1.175X. Q sells to R at some loss. R sells to S at 38.89% profit. 38.89% is 7/18. Profit = (7/18) * CP_R = 700. Thus CP_R = 1800. SP_R = 2500. We know CP_R and SP_R, so A and D are determined. C is not determined because we don't know the SP of Q.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question given below is followed by three statements numbered I, II and III. Read all the statements carefully and decide which of them is/are sufficient to answer the given question. Choose the correct alternative accordingly. What is the selling price of product A initially marked at Rs. 2500 and sold at successive discounts of x% and x + 5%? I. The selling price of product A will remain the same if it is sold at a discount of x + 20%. II. x is an even integer. III. x% of 200 is equal to 50% of 80.

  1. Only I

  2. Only II

  3. Only III

  4. Either I or III

  5. Even I, II and III together are not sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Multiple choice

Directions: The following problem consists of a question followed by three statements. You have to study the question and the statements and then decide which of the statements is/are necessary to answer the question. What was the percentage of discount offered? I. Profit earned by selling the article for Rs. 252 after giving discount was Rs. 52. II. Had there been no discount, the profit earned would have been Rs. 80. III. Had there been no discount, the profit earned would have been 40%.

  1. I and II only

  2. II and either I or III only

  3. I and III only

  4. I and either II or III only

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let MP be marked price. I: SP = 252, Profit = 52, so CP = 200. II: If no discount, Profit = 80, so MP = CP + 80 = 280. III: If no discount, Profit = 40%, so MP = 1.4 * CP = 280. To find discount percentage, we need MP and SP. We have SP from I. We need MP, which can be found using II or III. Thus, I and (II or III) is sufficient.

Multiple choice

Directions: The problem contains a question and two statements giving certain data. You have to select the correct answer from (1) to (5), depending on the sufficiency of the data given in the statements to answer the question. A manufacturer sells an article to a wholesale dealer at a profit of 20%. The wholesale dealer sells the same to a retailer at a profit of 25%. The retailer in turn, sells it to a customer at a profit of 20%. What is the cost price for the manufacturer? (A) The customer bought the article for Rs. 27. (B) The retailer sold the article for Rs. 54.

  1. Statement (A) alone is sufficient to answer the question, and statement (B) alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  2. Statement (B) alone is sufficient to answer the question, and statement (A) alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  3. Statements (A) and (B) together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient.

  4. Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

  5. Both statements (A) and (B) together, are not sufficient to answer the question, and additional data specific to the problem is needed.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be C. Manufacturer sells at 1.2C. Wholesaler sells at 1.2C * 1.25 = 1.5C. Retailer sells at 1.5C * 1.2 = 1.8C. Statement A: 1.8C = 27, so C = 15. Statement B: 1.8C = 54, so C = 30. Each statement provides enough information to solve for C.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question given below is followed by two statements A and B. You have to determine which statement(s) is/are sufficient/necessary to answer the question. If the cost price of an article is Rs. 1250, then what is the labelled price of the article? (A) The discount offered on the labelled price of the article is 16.67%. (B) The profit percentage of the article is 20%.

  1. Statement A alone is sufficient to answer the question, but statement B alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  2. Statement B alone is sufficient to answer the question, but statement A alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  3. Both the statements taken together are necessary to answer the question, but neither of the statements alone is sufficient to answer the question.

  4. Either statement A or statement B by itself is sufficient to answer the question.

  5. Statements A and B taken together are not sufficient to answer the question.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement A gives the discount percentage, but we need the profit to find the cost price relationship. Statement B gives profit, but we need the discount to find the marked price. Together, we can find the selling price from cost price (using profit) and then find the marked price from the selling price (using discount).

Multiple choice

Directions: The given question is followed by two statements A and B. You have to determine which statement(s) is/are sufficient/necessary to answer the question. What is the profit percentage on the article? A. The profit earned by selling the article for Rs. 363 is Rs. 63. B. The discount percentage offered on the marked price of the article is 27.4%, while the marked price and the cost price of the article are Rs. 500 and Rs. 300, respectively.

  1. Statement A alone is sufficient to answer the question, but statement B alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  2. Statement B alone is sufficient to answer the question, but statement A alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  3. Both the statements taken together are necessary to answer the question, but neither of the statements alone is sufficient to answer the question.

  4. Either statement A or statement B by itself is sufficient to answer the question.

  5. Statements A and B taken together are not sufficient to answer the question.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement A: SP = 363, Profit = 63. CP = 300. Profit % = (63/300)*100 = 21%. Sufficient. Statement B: MP = 500, Discount = 27.4% of 500 = 137. SP = 500 - 137 = 363. CP = 300. Profit % = (63/300)*100 = 21%. Sufficient.

Multiple choice

Direction: The following question has two statements, (1) and (2). Answer the question using the following options: What is the profit/loss percentage in the transaction? (1) Two articles were sold at the same selling price with 20% profit on one and 20% loss on the other. (2) Cost price of one article was \$100/- and the cost price of the other article was \$150/- and they were sold at the same selling price of $120/-.

  1. if statement (1) alone is sufficient but statement (2) alone is not

  2. if statement (2) alone is sufficient but statement (1) alone is not

  3. if both (1) and (2) together are sufficient but none of them alone is sufficient

  4. if both independently are sufficient

  5. if both statements (1) and (2) together are not sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1: Selling at same price with 20% profit and 20% loss results in a net loss of (20^2)/100 = 4%. This is sufficient. Statement 2: CP1=100, CP2=150, SP1=120, SP2=120. Total CP=250, Total SP=240. Loss = 10, Loss% = 10/250 = 4%. This is also sufficient.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question given below is followed by two statements I and II. You have to determine whether the data given in the statement is sufficient for answering the question. You should use the data and your knowledge of Mathematics to choose the best possible answer. A shopkeeper sold a watch for Rs. 5,400. Find the profit % of the seller. (I) Discount offered was 25% on marked price and mark-up% was 60%. (II) Mark-up price was Rs. 7,200.

  1. The question can be answered by using statement I alone but cannot be answered using the other statement alone.

  2. The question can be answered by using statement II alone but cannot be answered using the other statement alone.

  3. The question can be answered by using either of the statements alone.

  4. The question can be answered using both of the statements together, but cannot be answered using either of the statements alone.

  5. The question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I provides the discount percentage (25%) and the markup percentage (60%). Let CP = 100. Then MP = 160. SP = 160 * 0.75 = 120. Profit = 20%. This is sufficient. Statement II only gives the markup price, which is insufficient to determine profit percentage without the cost price.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question given below is followed by two statements I and II. You have to determine whether the data given in the statement is sufficient for answering the question. You should use the data and your knowledge of Mathematics to choose the best possible answer. Find the marked price if vendor wants to make a profit of 30% after giving a discount of 60%. (I) Difference between the price when the article is sold at 30% profit and when it is marked 60% above the cost price and then given a discount of 20% is Rs. 16. (II) The vendor needs to sell the product at a discount of 20% to make a profit of Rs. 120.

  1. The question can be answered by using statement I alone but cannot be answered using the other statement alone.

  2. The question can be answered by using statement II alone but cannot be answered using the other statement alone.

  3. The question can be answered by using either of the statements alone.

  4. The question can be answered using both of the statements together, but cannot be answered using either of the statements alone.

  5. The question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I allows setting up an equation to find the cost price and then the marked price. Statement II provides enough information to calculate the cost price and subsequently the marked price using the profit and discount percentages. Since both statements independently provide sufficient data to solve for the marked price, option C is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper decides to gives 5 % discount on the marked price of an article, but also wants to earn 10 % profit. If the C.P of article is Rs 95 then the marked price will be-

  1. Rs. 100

  2. Rs. 105

  3. Rs. 110

  4. Rs. 115

  5. Rs. 125
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The shopkeeper wants a 10% profit, so SP = 1.10 × 95 = Rs 104.50. After 5% discount on marked price MP, we get: 0.95 × MP = 104.50. So MP = 104.50/0.95 = Rs 110. The claimed answer C is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold an article and got Rs. 300 as profit. What is profit percent? (I) Selling price of the article is Rs. 1200. (II) He gave 25% discount which is Rs. 400, on marked price. (III) Cost price of the article is Rs. 900.

  1. Only II

  2. Any One

  3. Only I

  4. Only III

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100. Profit = Rs. 300 is given. Statement I: SP = 1200, so CP = 1200 - 300 = 900, profit% = 300/900. Statement II: 25% discount = Rs. 400 means MP = 1600, SP = 1200, giving CP = 900. Statement III directly gives CP = 900. Each statement alone is sufficient to calculate profit percentage.