Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A person bought 50 pens for Rs. 50 each. He sold 40 of them at a loss of 5%. He wants to gain 10% on the whole. Then his gain percent on the remaining pens should be

  1. 15%

  2. 40%

  3. 50%

  4. 70%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Total CP = 50 * 50 = 2500. Target profit = 10% of 2500 = 250. Total SP needed = 2750. SP of 40 pens at 5% loss: CP = 40 * 50 = 2000. Loss = 5% of 2000 = 100. SP = 1900. Remaining SP needed = 2750 - 1900 = 850. Remaining CP = 10 * 50 = 500. Profit on remaining = 850 - 500 = 350. Profit % = (350 / 500) * 100 = 70%.

Multiple choice

Two varieties of salt, T and S, costing Rs. 25 and Rs. 35 per kg, respectively, are mixed in the ratio of 4 to 6. The mixed variety is sold at Rs. 37 per kg. What is the approximate profit percentage (rounded off)?

  1. 19%

  2. 33%

  3. 25%

  4. 38%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The cost of 4 kg of T is 4 * 25 = 100, and 6 kg of S is 6 * 35 = 210. Total cost for 10 kg is 310, so cost price per kg is 31. Selling price is 37. Profit percentage is ((37 - 31) / 31) * 100 which is approximately 19.35%.

Multiple choice

An article was purchased in a fluctuation market on different dates at a unit price of (i) Rs. 11, (ii) Rs. 9, (iii) Rs. 8 and (iv) Rs. 10. It was sold at Rs. 2 above the purchase price. Which article was the most profitable in percentage terms?

  1. (i)

  2. (ii)

  3. (iii)

  4. (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Profit percentage is calculated as (Profit / Cost Price) * 100. Since the profit is a constant Rs. 2 for all, the percentage is (2 / Cost Price) * 100. Therefore, the smallest cost price yields the highest percentage profit. Rs. 8 is the smallest cost price.

Multiple choice

A dishonest and particularly negotiating dealer purchases goods from his wholesaler at 50% discount on the cost price of Rs. x and also cheats his wholesaler by getting 50% extra through false weighing, per kg. Then, he marks up his goods by 80% on the cost price of Rs. x, but he gives a discount of 25%. Besides, he cheats his customer by weighing 50% less than the required weight. What is his overall profit percentage?

  1. 400%

  2. 710%

  3. 305%

  4. 240%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price per kg = x. Purchase: 50% discount means cost = 0.5x. False weight: gets 1.5 kg for price of 1 kg, so cost per kg = 0.5x / 1.5 = x/3. Selling: Mark up 80% on x = 1.8x. Discount 25% = 1.8x * 0.75 = 1.35x. False weight: sells 0.5 kg for price of 1 kg, so revenue per kg = 1.35x / 0.5 = 2.7x. Profit = (2.7x - x/3) / (x/3) = (8.1x - x) / x = 7.1 = 710%.

Multiple choice

Directions: Compare the two quantities in A and B. Discount on a marked price of $75 is $9. | Quantity A | Quantity B | | --- | --- | | Discount at the same rate on marked price of $90 | $12 |

  1. Quantity A is greater than quantity B.

  2. Quantity B is greater than quantity A.

  3. Both quantities are equal.

  4. The relationship between the quantities cannot be determined.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Discount rate = 9/75 = 0.12 or 12%. Quantity A: Discount at 12% on 90 = 0.12 * 90 = 10.8. Quantity B: 12. Since 12 > 10.8, Quantity B is greater.

Multiple choice

Anju sells a dog to Manu at a profit of 20%. Manu sells it to Seema for Rs. 69 at a profit of 38%. What percentage profit would Anju have made if she had sold it directly to Seema for Rs. 69?

  1. 65.6%

  2. 55.5%

  3. 45.5%

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let Anju's cost be 100. Manu buys at 120. Seema buys from Manu at 120 * 1.38 = 165.6. If Anju sold to Seema for 165.6, the profit would be 65.6 percent. The question uses 69 as a specific price, but the percentage profit is independent of the absolute price.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper buys an article for Rs. 400 and marks it for sale at a price that gives him 80% profit on his cost. He gives 15% discount on the marked price to his customer. Calculate the actual profit (in percent) made by the shopkeeper.

  1. 53%

  2. 47%

  3. 50%

  4. 60%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = 400. Marked price = 400 * 1.80 = 720. Selling price = 720 * (1 - 0.15) = 720 * 0.85 = 612. Profit = 612 - 400 = 212. Profit percent = (212 / 400) * 100 = 53%.

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the question and the statements, and determine if the data provided by the statements is sufficient or insufficient, on their own or together, to answer the question. Accordingly, choose the appropriate option given below the question. What is the cost price of the book to shopkeeper A? it Is given that the marked price for both the shopkeepers are same. 1. Shopkeeper A gets a profit of 20% by allowing a discount of 28%. 2. Ram bought the same book from shopkeeper B for Rs. 56 at a discount of 37.77%.

  1. Only 1 is sufficient to answer the question.

  2. Only 2 is sufficient to answer the question.

  3. Either 1 or 2 is sufficient to answer the question.

  4. Both 1 and 2 are together required to answer the question.

  5. Neither of the statements is sufficient to answer the question.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 gives the relationship between CP and MP. Statement 2 gives the actual selling price and discount percentage, which allows finding the MP. Both are needed to find the specific CP.