Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of a shirt and trousers are in the ratio 2 : 3, the shopkeeper gives 50% discount on the shirt, if the total discount is 40%, the discount offered on trouser is - कमीज और पैन्ट के अंकित मूल्य का अनुपात 2 : 3 है। दुकानदार कमीज में 50% की छूट देता है, यदि कुल छूट 40% है तो पैन्ट पर कितने प्रतिशत की छूट दी गयी थी?

  1. 30%

  2. 25 %

  3. 33.33%

  4. 16.66 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let shirt MP = 2x, trouser MP = 3x. Shirt discount = 50% of 2x = x. Total discount = 40% of 5x = 2x. Trouser discount = 2x - x = x. Trouser discount % = x/3x = 1/3 = 33.33%. Options A, B, and D are incorrect.

Multiple choice

Harish sold two articles on Rs. 1850. The cost price of first article is equal to the selling price of second article. If first article is sold at 15% loss and second article sold at 25% profit, then find the overall profit or loss in Rs. / हरीश ने दो वस्तुएँ रू. 1850 में बेची। पहली वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य दूसरी वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर है। यदि पहली वस्तु 15% हानि पर तथा दूसरी वस्तु 25% लाभ पर बेची जाय, तो कुल लाभ या हानि की गणना कीजिए।

  1. Rs. 20 loss / 20 रू. हानि

  2. Rs. 50 profit / 50 रू. लाभ

  3. Rs. 100 loss / 100 रू. हानि

  4. Rs. 100 profit / 100 रू. लाभ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP2 = x. Then SP2 = 1.25x (25% profit). Given CP1 = SP2, so CP1 = 1.25x. SP1 = 0.85 × 1.25x = 1.0625x (15% loss). Total SP = 1850 = 1.0625x + 1.25x = 2.3125x. Solving: x = 1850/2.3125 = 800. CP2 = 800, CP1 = 1000. Total CP = 1800. Total SP = 1850. Profit = Rs. 50.

Multiple choice

A man bought a car for Rs. 60,000 and spent 10% of the cost of the car for purchase of new tyres .At what price should he sell the car to make a gain of 15%? एक व्यक्ति एक कार 60,000 रू. में खरीदता है और कार की खरीदने के मूल्य के 10% के बराबर की राशि वह नये टायर लगाने में खर्च कर देता है। कार को 15% लाभ पर बेचने के लिये उसे कितने में बेचना चाहिये?

  1. ₹ 74,500

  2. ₹ 73,500

  3. ₹ 79,500

  4. ₹ 75,900
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = Car price + Tyres = 60000 + (10% of 60000) = 60000 + 6000 = 66000. For 15% gain, selling price = 66000 × 1.15 = 75900. The profit is calculated on total investment (purchase + repairs), not just the car's initial cost. Option A gives only 12.9% profit, option B gives 11.4%, option C gives 20.5% - all incorrect.

Multiple choice

In a shop, articles are usually sold at 40% above the cost price. During a sale, the shopkeeper offers a discount of 10% off of the usual selling price. If he manages to sell 36 articles for Rs. 6804, then his cost price per article. (In Rs.) is- एक दुकान में, वस्तुएँ प्रायः क्रय मूल्य से 40% अधिक मूल्य पर बेची जाती हैं। एक बिक्री में, दुकानदार 10% की छूट सामान्य विक्रय मूल्य पर देता है। यदि वह 36 वस्तुएं 6804 रू. की बेचता है तो उसके लिए प्रति वस्तु क्रय मूल्य है- (रू. में)

  1. 210

  2. 150

  3. 180

  4. 125
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Usual SP = 1.4x. Sale price = 0.9 × 1.4x = 1.26x. For 36 articles: 36 × 1.26x = 6804, so x = 6804/(36×1.26) = 6804/45.36 = 150. Thus cost price per article is Rs. 150, which is option B. Note: Selling at 40% above CP means SP=1.4×CP, then 10% discount means final price = 0.9×1.4×CP = 1.26×CP.

Multiple choice

If a merchant offers a discount of 40% on the marked price of his goods and thus ends up selling at cost price, what was the % mark up? यदि एक व्यापारी अपनी वस्तुओं का बाजारी मूल्य पर 40% की छूट देता है और अंत में क्रय मूल्य पर बेचता है तो कितना % अधिक अंकित किया था?

  1. 28.57%

  2. 40%

  3. 66.66%

  4. 58.33%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If selling at 40% discount equals cost price, then SP = 0.6 × MP = CP. Therefore, MP = CP/0.6 = 1.667 × CP. The markup is (MP - CP)/CP × 100 = (1.667 - 1) × 100 = 66.67%. The correct answer is C. This is equivalent to a 66(2/3)% markup on cost price.

Multiple choice

Naimish bought a certain quantity of apples for Rs. 1200. He sold (\frac{1}{3}) quantity at 20% loss , at what profit percent should he sell remaining apples so that he can make a overall profit of 10 % ?

  1. 15%

  2. 20%

  3. 22.5%

  4. 25%

  5. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price is Rs. 1200. One-third (Rs. 400 worth) sold at 20% loss gives Rs. 320. To achieve 10% overall profit, total selling price must be Rs. 1320. Remaining apples (Rs. 800 worth) must sell for Rs. 1000, which is a 25% profit over their cost price.

Multiple choice

If an article is sold at 5% gain, instead of 5% loss, the seller gets Rs. 6.72 more. The cost price of the article isयदि एक वस्तु को 5% हानि पर बेचने के बजाय 5% लाभ पर बेचता है, तो विक्रेता को 6.72 रू. अधिक मिलते हैं तो वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य कितना है ?

  1. Rs./रू. 67.20

  2. Rs. /रू.120.00

  3. Rs./रू. 134.40

  4. Rs./रू. 240.00
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be x. Selling at 5% loss gives 0.95x. Selling at 5% gain gives 1.05x. The difference 1.05x - 0.95x = 0.10x equals Rs. 6.72. Solving: x = 6.72/0.10 = Rs. 67.20. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

A machine is sold at a profit of 10%. Had it been sold for Rs. 80 less, there would have been a loss of 10%. The cost price of the machine is एक मशीन को 10% लाभ पर बेचा गया जब उसको 80 रू. कम पर बेचा गया तो 10% की हानि हुई तो मशीन की कीमत कितनी है ?

  1. Rs./रू. 350

  2. Rs./रू. 400

  3. Rs. /रू.450

  4. Rs. /रू.520
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP with 10% profit = 1.1x. SP with 10% loss = 0.9x. Difference = 1.1x - 0.9x = 0.2x = 80. So x = 80/0.2 = 400. The cost price is Rs. 400.

Multiple choice

Maneesh bought two articles for Rs. 1200 and Rs. 1500 respectively and sold cheapest one of them at 20% profit. Find at what percent of profit or loss the second article should be sold such that selling price of both the articles be same. मनीष ने दो वस्तुएं रु 1200 तथा रु 1500 में खरीदी और उनमें से सस्ती वस्तु को 20% लाभ पर बेच दिया | ज्ञात कीजिये दूसरी वस्तु को कितने प्रतिशत लाभ या हानि पर बेचा जाय की दोनों वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य समान रहे |

  1. At 4% loss / 4% की हानि पर

  2. At 25% loss / 25% की हानि पर

  3. At 20% profit / 20% के लाभ पर

  4. At 4% profit / 4% के लाभ पर
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let the articles be priced at Rs. 1200 and Rs. 1500. The cheapest (Rs. 1200) is sold at 20% profit: 1200 × 1.20 = Rs. 1440. For both to have same selling price, the second article must also sell for Rs. 1440. Since it cost Rs. 1500, the loss is: (1500 - 1440)/1500 × 100 = 60/1500 × 100 = 4% loss.

Multiple choice

A merchant makes a profit of 20% by selling an article. What would be the percentage change in the profit percent had he paid 10% less for it and the customer paid 10% more for it?

  1. 120%

  2. 125%

  3. 127.75%

  4. 130%

  5. 133.33%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Original: profit = 20% (selling price = 120% of cost). New cost = 90% of original, new selling price = 110% of original = 132% of new cost. New profit = 132% - 90% = 42% of new cost. Original profit was 20% of original cost = 20% of (100% of cost). Percentage change in profit percent = (42 - 20)/20 × 100% = 22/20 × 100% = 110% increase. But the actual calculation: If cost = 100, original SP = 120 (profit = 20). New cost = 90, new SP = 132 (profit = 42). Change in profit% = (42-20)/20 × 100 = 110%. However, the answer marked is 133.33%. This might be because new profit on new cost basis: 42/90 ≈ 46.67%, while original was 20/100 = 20%. Change = (46.67-20)/20 × 100 ≈ 133.33% (option E).

Multiple choice

A tradesman gives 4% discount on the marked price and gives 1 article free for buying every 15 articles and thus gain 35%. The marked price is increased how much above the cost price? एक विक्रेता एक वस्तु पर 4% की छूट देता है, और प्रत्येक 15 वस्तु खरीदने पर 1 वस्तु मुफ्त देता है और इस प्रकार उसको 35% का लाभ भी होता है तो अंकित मूल्य क्रय मूल्य से कितने प्रतिशत अधिक है?

  1. 40%

  2. 39%

  3. 50%

  4. 20%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 1 per article. For 15 paid + 1 free = 16 articles, total CP = 16. After 4% discount, SP = 0.96 MP per article. Total SP = 15 × 0.96 MP = 14.4 MP. With 35% profit, SP = 1.35 × 16 = 21.6. Solving: 14.4 MP = 21.6, so MP = 1.5, meaning marked price is 50% above cost price.

Multiple choice

A watch was sold at a profit of 15%.If its cost had been 5% less and it had been sold for Rs 21 less, then the profit would have been 10%.Find the cost price of the watch. एक घड़ी 15% के लाभ पर बेची गई थी। यदि इसका क्रय मूल्य 5% कम होता और यह 21 रू. कम में बेची जाती तो लाभ 10% होता। घड़ी का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए?

  1. Rs. 100

  2. Rs. 200

  3. Rs. 168

  4. Rs. 225
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.15x. New CP = 0.95x, new SP = 1.15x - 21. New profit = 10% of 0.95x = 0.095x. So 1.15x - 21 = 0.95x + 0.095x = 1.045x. Then 0.105x = 21, x = 200. Check: CP=200, SP=230. New CP=190, SP=209, profit=19 which is 10% of 190.

Multiple choice

Meera purchased an item for Rs. 62,000/- and sold it at a loss of 25 percent. With that amount she purchased another item and sold it at a gain of 30 percent. What was her overall gain/loss ?

  1. Loss of Rs. 1560/-

  2. Profit of Rs. 1560/-

  3. Loss of Rs. 1550/-

  4. Profit of Rs. 1550/-

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

First sale: 62000 with 25% loss = 62000 × 0.75 = 46500. Second sale: 46500 with 30% gain = 46500 × 1.3 = 60450. Overall: 60450 - 62000 = -1550, which is a loss of Rs. 1550. Option B is incorrect sign error.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold sarees at Rs. 2185 each after giving 5% discount on labelled price. Had he not given the discount he would have earned a profit of 15% on the cost price. What was the cost price of each saree? एक दुकानदार लिखित मूल्य पर 5% बट्टा देकर 2185 रू. प्रति साड़ी बेचता है। यदि वह बट्टा नहीं देता, है तो वह क्रय मूल्य पर 15% लाभ कमाता है तो प्रत्येक साड़ी का क्रय मूल्य कितना है?

  1. ₹ 2224

  2. ₹ 2000

  3. ₹ 1995

  4. ₹ 2105
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

After 5% discount, SP = Rs 2185, so Labelled Price = 2185/0.95 ≈ Rs 2300. Without discount, SP would be Rs 2300, which gives 15% profit on CP. So CP = 2300/1.15 = Rs 2000. Option B is correct.