Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

20\% profit on cost price. Is what \% profit on selling price?
  1. $25\%$
  2. $16\%$
  3. $16.66\%$
  4. $20\%$
  5. $10\%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If CP = 100, then 20% profit means SP = 120. Profit on CP is 20. Profit on SP = 20/120 = 1/6 = 16.67%. Option A (25%) assumes profit/CP relationship. Option D (20%) confuses CP and SP bases.

Multiple choice

An article is sold at a loss of 10%. Had it been sold for Rs. 90 more, there would have been a gain of 5%. The original cost price of the article (in Rs.) is:

  1. 540

  2. 600

  3. 628

  4. 650
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be the cost price. Selling at 10% loss means SP = 0.9 × CP. If sold for Rs. 90 more, new SP = 0.9 × CP + 90, which gives 5% profit, so this equals 1.05 × CP. Therefore: 1.05 × CP = 0.9 × CP + 90. Solving: 0.15 × CP = 90, so CP = 90/0.15 = Rs. 600. This matches option B.

Multiple choice

Ramesh makes 750 articles at a cost of 60 paise per article. He fixes the selling price such that if only 600 articles are sold, he would have made a profit of 40 % on the outlay. However, 120 articles got spoilt and he was able to sell 630 articles at this price. Find his actual profit percent as the percentage of total outlay assuming that the unsold articles are useless. ?

  1. 42 %

  2. 53 %

  3. 47 %

  4. 46 %

  5. 50 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = 750 × 0.60 = Rs. 450. Target: 40% profit when 600 sold, so selling price = 450(1.40)/600 = 630/600 = Rs. 1.05 each. Actual: 120 spoilt, sold 630 at Rs. 1.05 = Rs. 661.50. Profit = 661.50 - 450 = 211.50. Profit % = (211.50/450) × 100 = 47%.

Multiple choice

The profit earned after selling an article for Rs. 1,754 is the same as the loss made after selling the article for Rs. 1,492. The cost price of the article is:

  1. Rs. 1,623

  2. Rs. 1,523

  3. Rs. 1,689

  4. Rs. 1,540
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be x. Profit at Rs. 1754 = 1754 - x. Loss at Rs. 1492 = x - 1492. Given: 1754 - x = x - 1492. Solving: 1754 + 1492 = 2x, so 3246 = 2x, and x = 1623. Option A (Rs. 1623) is the correct cost price.

Multiple choice

A man sold a mobile phone for Rs. 2400 at a loss of twenty five percent. At what rate should he have sold the mobile phone to earn a profit of twenty five percent ?
  1. $3600$
  2. $4000$
  3. $3500$
  4. $5000$
  5. $2800$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Selling at 25% loss for Rs. 2400 means CP = 2400/0.75 = Rs. 3200. For 25% profit, SP = 3200 × 1.25 = Rs. 4000. The calculation: CP × (1 - 0.25) = 2400, so CP = 2400/0.75 = 3200. Then SP = 3200 × 1.25 = 4000.

Multiple choice

The difference between successive discounts of 44% followed by 25% and 45% followed by 20% on the marked price of an article is Rs.12. Find the marked price of the article?

  1. 600

  2. 360

  3. 330

  4. 336

  5. 296
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

For the first discount scheme (44% then 25%): Effective discount = 1 - (1-0.44)(1-0.25) = 1 - (0.56)(0.75) = 1 - 0.42 = 58%. For the second scheme (45% then 20%): Effective discount = 1 - (1-0.45)(1-0.20) = 1 - (0.55)(0.80) = 1 - 0.44 = 56%. The difference is 2% of marked price. If 2% = Rs. 12, then marked price = 12/0.02 = Rs. 600. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

A manufacturer marked the article 30 % above the cost price and he gives a discount of 20 % on the M.R.P. of the article .Find his profit percentage?

  1. 15%

  2. 6%

  3. 10%

  4. 4%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price = 100. Marked price = 130 (30% above cost). Discount = 20% of 130 = 26. Selling price = 130 - 26 = 104. Profit = 104 - 100 = 4, so profit percentage = 4%. The common mistake is calculating 30% - 20% = 10%, but you must apply the discount to the marked price, not the cost price.

Multiple choice

The selling price marked on an article whose cost price is 7,000 Rs. is 11,400 Rs.If the 14% profit made on the article after giving a discount of x % then what will the value of x?

  1. 31%

  2. 33%

  3. 32%

  4. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = Rs. 7000. Profit = 14%, so selling price = 7000 × 1.14 = Rs. 7980. Marked price = Rs. 11400. Discount = (11400 - 7980) / 11400 = 3420/11400 = 0.30 = 30%. Options A (31%), B (33%), and C (32%) are incorrect calculations.

Multiple choice

Rahim purchased 3 dozen mangoes at the rate of Rs. 20 per dozen. He found that 12 mangoes were rotten. He sold the remaining mangoes at the rate of Rs.27 per dozen. Then his profit or loss percent is:

  1. 12%

  2. 15%

  3. 18%

  4. 10%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = 3 × 20 = Rs. 60. Rotten mangoes = 12 (1 dozen), so sellable = 2 dozen. Selling price = 2 × 27 = Rs. 54. Loss = Rs. 6. Loss percent = (6/60) × 100 = 10%. The loss occurs because one-third of the mangoes were unsold but still had to be paid for.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper bought 25 kg. of pulses at the rate of Rs. 54 kg. He sold forty percent of the total quantity at the rate of Rs. 50 per kg. at what price per kg should he sell the approximately quantity to make 25% overall profit? एक दुकानदार ने 25 किग्रा. दाल 54 रू. प्रति किग्रा. के हिसाब से दाल खरीदी। उसने कुल मात्रा का 40 प्रतिशत भाग 50 रू. प्रति किग्रा. के हिसाब से बेच दिया। बची हुई मात्रा को वह लगभग कितने रू. प्रति किग्रा. के हिसाब से बेचे कि कुल 25% लाभ प्राप्त हो सके?

  1. 79 Rs./kg.

  2. 78 Rs./kg.

  3. 80 Rs./kg.

  4. 75 Rs./kg.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = 25 × 54 = Rs. 1350. 40% (10 kg) sold for Rs. 50/kg gives Rs. 500. For 25% profit, target selling price = 1350 × 1.25 = Rs. 1687.50. Remaining 15 kg must earn Rs. 1187.50. Price = 1187.50/15 ≈ Rs. 79/kg. The question specifies approximate price.

Multiple choice

A book seller sold the book at 10% loss if he sold the book at Rs.108 more than he would have profit of 10% then find the cost price of book. एक पुस्तक विक्रेता किसी पुस्तक को 10% हानि पर बेचता है यदि वह उसे रू 108 अधिक में बेचे तो उसे 10% का लाभ होगा तो उस पुस्तक का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये ।

  1. Rs./रू.442

  2. Rs./रू.540

  3. Rs./रू.740

  4. Rs./रू.648
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP at 10% loss = 0.9x. SP at Rs. 108 more = 0.9x + 108 = 1.1x. Solving: 0.2x = 108, so x = 540. Option B is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper gains Rs. 56 on a toy after allowing discount 23% on its marked price. If his gain is 10% then the marked price is(in rs.)- एक दुकानदार किसी खिलौने के अंकित मूल्य पर 23% की छूट देता है और 56 रू. का लाभ कमाता है यदि उसका लाभ 10% हो तो अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।(रु.में )

  1. 560

  2. 800

  3. 810

  4. 740
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let MP = x. After 23% discount, selling price = 0.77x. Profit is 56 rupees, so cost price = 0.77x - 56. Given profit is 10%, so 56 = 0.10 × CP, therefore CP = 560. Now: 560 = 0.77x - 56, so 0.77x = 616, and x = 616/0.77 = 800. Verification: 23% of 800 = 184, SP = 800-184 = 616, CP = 560, Profit = 56 which is 10% of 560.