Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A trader marks his goods 40% above cost price and allows a discount of 25%.The profit he makes is - एक व्यापारी अपनी वस्तुओं को के क्रय मूल्य से 40% अधिक अंकित करता है और 25% की छूट देता है। उसके द्वारा प्राप्त लाभ है-

  1. 15%

  2. 10%

  3. 5%

  4. 2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price = 100. Marked price = 140 (40% above cost). Selling price after 25% discount = 140 × 0.75 = 105. Profit = 105 - 100 = 5, which is 5% of cost price. Alternatively: Profit% = (markup% - discount% - markup%×discount%/100) = (40 - 25 - 40×25/100)% = (15 - 10)% = 5%.

Multiple choice

Ram on selling 33 chairs of wood obtains a profit equal to the selling price of 11 chairs of wood.What is his profit percentage? राम को लकड़ी की 33 कुर्सियों को बेचने पर लकड़ी की 11 कुर्सियों के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर लाभ होता है। उसका प्रतिशत लाभ क्या है?

  1. 48%

  2. 49%

  3. 50%

  4. 60%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP = selling price per chair. For 33 chairs: SP × 33 = CP × 33 + Profit. Given Profit = SP × 11. So CP × 33 = SP × 33 - SP × 11 = SP × 22. Thus CP = SP × 22/33 = SP × 2/3. Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100 = (11SP / (22SP)) × 100 = 50%. Profit is 50%.

Multiple choice

A person allows a 10% discount for cash payment from the marked price of a toy and stills he makes a 10% gain .What is the cost price of the toy which is marked Rs. 770 ? एक व्यक्ति खिलौनों की खरीद पर नकद भुगतान करने पर अंकित मूल्य पर 10 प्रतिशत की छूट देता है और फिर भी 10 प्रतिशत का लाभ कमाता है। खिलौने का क्रय मूल्य बताइये यदि उसका अंकित मूल्य 770 रूपये है?

  1. Rs./रू.600

  2. Rs./रू.610

  3. Rs./रू.620

  4. Rs./रू.630
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = Rs. 770. After 10% discount, selling price = 770 × 0.9 = 693. This selling price gives 10% profit on cost price, so CP × 1.1 = 693. Therefore CP = 693/1.1 = Rs. 630. The profit is Rs. 63, which is exactly 10% of Rs. 630.

Multiple choice

Richa bought an article at four-fifth of its marked price an sold it at 20% more than its marked price. What is the profit percent of Richa?

  1. 50

  2. 40

  3. 30

  4. 25

  5. 45%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let marked price = 100. Cost price = 4/5 × 100 = 80. Selling price = 100 + 20% of 100 = 120. Profit = 120 - 80 = 40. Profit percent = (40/80) × 100 = 50%. The key is calculating the difference between selling at 120% of marked price while buying at 80% of marked price.

Multiple choice

A man sold an article at 12 percentage profit and if he sold it for Rs. 9600 more, 18 percentage would have been gained, so find CP of the article?

  1. Rs. 166000

  2. Rs. 165000

  3. Rs. 160000

  4. Rs. 169000

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Selling at 12% profit means SP = 1.12x. Selling for Rs. 9600 more at 18% profit means 1.18x = 1.12x + 9600. So 0.06x = 9600, x = 9600/0.06 = Rs. 160,000. Option C (Rs. 160000) is correct. Verify: 12% of 160000 = 19200; 18% of 160000 = 28800; difference = 9600 ✓.

Multiple choice

An article of cost price Rs. 8000 is marked at Rs. 11200 after allowed a discount of x % a profit of 12% is made the value of x is- एक वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य 8000 रू. तथा अंकित मूल्य 11200 रू. है। उस वस्तु पर x% की छूट देने पर 12% का लाभ होता है x का मान क्या है?

  1. 21%

  2. 20%

  3. 22%

  4. 23%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Selling Price with 12% profit = 8000 × 1.12 = Rs. 8960. Discount calculation: 8960 = 11200 × (1 - x/100), giving x = 20%. The discount of 20% on marked price yields the required profit.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper gets a profit of 30% by selling a watch. If the shopkeeper buys the watch at 10% less than its price and sells it at 10% less than its selling price, the difference in the profit he makes is Rs. 300. Find the cost price of the watch?
  1. $10000$
  2. $20000$
  3. $1000$
  4. $5000$
  5. $7500$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original: SP = 1.3x, profit = 0.3x. New: CP' = 0.9x, SP' = 0.9×1.3x = 1.17x, profit' = 0.27x. Difference: 0.3x - 0.27x = 0.03x = 300. Therefore x = 300÷0.03 = 10000. Answer A is correct. The key is understanding that profit difference is proportional to CP.

Multiple choice

The profit earned after selling an article for Rs. 1764 is the same as the loss incurred after selling the article for Rs. 1666. What is the cost price of the article?

  1. Rs. 1685

  2. Rs. 1715

  3. Rs. 1785

  4. Rs. 1780

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When profit equals loss, the cost price is exactly halfway between the two selling prices. This is because profit = SP1 - CP and loss = CP - SP2. When they're equal: SP1 - CP = CP - SP2, which gives CP = (SP1 + SP2)/2. Therefore: CP = (1764 + 1666)/2 = 3430/2 = Rs. 1715.

Multiple choice

Rekha bought an article in Rs. 62000 and sold it at 25 percent loss. From this amount she bought another article and sold it at 30 percent profit. What is her total profit/loss?

  1. Rs. 1560, loss

  2. Rs. 1560, profit

  3. Rs. 1550, loss

  4. Rs. 1550, profit

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

First sale: 62000 at 25% loss. Selling price = 62000 × (1 - 0.25) = 62000 × 0.75 = 46500. Second purchase: 46500. Second sale: 30% profit. Selling price = 46500 × (1 + 0.30) = 46500 × 1.30 = 60450. Net result = 60450 - 62000 = -1550 (loss of 1550). The key is tracking how the sale proceeds from the first transaction become the cost price for the second.

Multiple choice

A man sell an article at 5% above the cost price.If he had bought it at 5% less and sold it for Rs. 2 less, he would have gained 10% . find the cost price of the article? एक व्यक्ति किसी वस्तु को लागत मूल्य से 5 % अधिक पर बेचता है यदि उसने 5 % कम पर उसे ख़रीदा होता और रु. 2 कम पर बेचा होता तो उसे 10 % का लाभ होता. तो वस्तु का लागत मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए है ?

  1. 200

  2. 300

  3. 400

  4. 500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP = 1.05x. If bought at 0.95x and sold at 1.05x - 2, profit = 10% of 0.95x = 0.095x. So: 1.05x - 2 = 1.095x, giving 0.045x = 2, so x = 2/0.045 = 2000/45 = 400.

Multiple choice

A man bought two goats for Rs. 1008. he sold one at a loss of 20% and other at a profit of 44%. If each goat was sold for the same price, the cost price of the goat which was sold at loss was:? एक आदमी रु. 1008 में दो बकरिया खरीदता है. एक बकरी को वह 20% की हानि पर और दूसरी बकरी को वह 44% के लाभ पर बेचता है यदि हर बकरी को बराबर कीमत पर बेचा जाता है तो उस बकरी का क्रय मूल्य बताये जिसे उसने हानि पर बेचा ?

  1. 548

  2. 648

  3. 538

  4. 578
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of goats sold at loss = x, at profit = y. Total: x + y = 1008. SP equal: 0.8x = 1.44y. Solving: x = 1.8y, so 1.8y + y = 1008, giving 2.8y = 1008, so y = 360. x = 1008 - 360 = 648. The goat sold at loss had CP = ₹648.

Multiple choice

A dealer of scientific instruments allows 20% discount on the marked price of the instruments and still makes a profit of 25%. If his gain over the sale of an instrument is Rs. 150, find the marked price of the instrument. वैज्ञानिक उपकरणों का एक विक्रेता उपकरणों के अंकित मूल्य पर 20% की छूट देता है और फिर भी 25% का लाभ कमाता है। यदि उसे किसी उपकरण की बिक्री पर अभिलाभ 150 रू. होता है, तो उस उपकरण का अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. 925

  2. 937.5

  3. 932.5

  4. 950
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Profit = 25% of cost price. If profit is Rs. 150, then CP = 150 × 100/25 = Rs. 600. Selling price with 20% discount gives 25% profit, so SP = CP + 150 = 750. This is 80% of marked price (since 20% discount). So MP = 750 × 100/80 = Rs. 937.50. Verification: 20% discount on 937.50 = 187.50, SP = 750, profit = 750 - 600 = 150, which is 25% of 600.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper allows 10% discount on goods when he sells without credit. Cost price of his goods is 80% of his selling price. If he sells his goods by cash, then what is his profit percent? एक दुकानदार जब अपने सामान को उधार नहीं बेचता है तो उस पर 10% की छूट देता है। उसके सामान का लागत मूल्य उसके बिक्री मूल्य का 80% है। यदि वह अपने सामान को नकद बेचता है, तो उसका लाभ कितने प्रतिशत है?

  1. 15%

  2. 25%

  3. 50%

  4. 35%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP (without discount) = 100. With 10% discount, selling price = 90. CP = 80% of selling price = 0.8 × 90 = 72. Profit = SP - CP = 90 - 72 = 18. Profit percent = (18/72) × 100 = 25%. When selling in cash (without discount), SP = 100, CP = 72, profit = 28, profit% = 28/72 × 100 ≈ 38.9%. But the question asks for the selling scenario described, where 10% discount is given, so answer is 25%.

Multiple choice

A man buys one table and one chair for Rs. 500 he sells the table at a loss of 10% and a chair at a gain of 10%, He still gains Rs. 10 on the whole. What is the cost price of the chair? यदि व्यक्ति एक टेबल और कुर्सी 500 रू. में खरीदता है। यदि वह टेबल को 10% हानि पर बेचता है और कुर्सी को 10% लाभ पर बेचता है तो उसे इस क्रिया में 10 रूपये का लाभ होता है। कुर्सी का क्रय मूल्य कितना है?

  1. 100

  2. 200

  3. 300

  4. 400
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let table price = T, chair price = C. We know T + C = 500. Table sold at 10% loss: 0.9T. Chair sold at 10% gain: 1.1C. Total gain = 10, so 0.9T + 1.1C - 500 = 10. Substituting T = 500 - C: 0.9(500 - C) + 1.1C - 500 = 10. This gives 450 - 0.9C + 1.1C - 500 = 10, so 0.2C = 60, therefore C = 300. The chair costs Rs 300.