Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

........... is used to make wine and bread.

  1. Amoeba

  2. Yeast

  3. Tradescantia

  4. Rheo leaf
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yeast is a single-celled, microscopic fungus which uses sugar as food. Ethanol fermentation is a biological process of converting sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is performed by yeasts in the absence of oxygen. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Why yeast is used in baking industry

  1. It reproduces rapidly

  2. Yeast produces carbon dioxide during respiration

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yeast is used in baking because it reproduces rapidly and performs fermentation, which releases carbon dioxide gas. This gas gets trapped in the dough, causing it to rise.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

What is the basis of using yeast is baking industry? 

  1. Bubbles of gas fill the dough

  2. Bubbles of gas increase its volume

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of the gas fill the dough and increase its volume.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

........... is used in the making of bread and yoghurt.

  1. Virus

  2. Bacteria

  3. Yeast

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is the process which is carried by anaerobic respiration of microorganism which leads to the production of lactic acid or alcohol with the release of carbon dioxide. When the yeast is added to the dough of the bread it converts the sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide which forms bubbles. Yeast has a lot of economical value to the mankind. It is used in the production of bread, wine, curd etc.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Streptococcus lactis is responsible for

  1. Conversion of molasses into alcohol

  2. Conversion of milk into curd

  3. Tanning of leather

  4. Flavouring the leaves of tea and tobacco
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Streptococcus lactis is an important bacteria responsible for manufacturing of  dairy product, curd. It converts milk into curd by the process of fermentation. It breaks the sugar present in the milk and produces lactic acid. This lactic acid results in the curdling of the milk proteins and produces curd with a tangy taste.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Conversion of milk into curd.'

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

The bread becomes soft and porous when the yeast cells are mixed in the lump of dough of wheat flour, because

  1. Yeast is soft and flour also become soft.

  2. Yeast produces acetic acid and alcohol which gives softness to the bread.
  3. Evolution of CO$ _2$ makes the bread spongy.

  4. Yeast produces benzoic acid.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • In the production of bread one of the step is fermentation which is done with the help of the yeast or better know as baker's yeast ie Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
  • At the time of making dough for the bread yeast is added along with other ingredients and is left to rest for sometime which gives yeast time for the fermentation process where it converts the sugar present in the  flour to carbon dioxide and alcohol.
  • When the dough is baked the release of carbon dioxide at the time of baking leaves holes in the bread which gives the bread its sponginess
  • So, the correct answer is 'Evolution of CO22 makes the bread spongy'
Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Bread dough rises because of the action of

  1. Heat

  2. Kneading

  3. Bacteria

  4. Yeast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Bread  dough rises because of the activity of yeast. Yeast uses carbohydrates in the dough as raw material to form energy yielding molecules, releasing $CO _2$ and Ethanol as byproducts. The $CO _2$ trapped in the dough makes the dough fluffy
So, the correct answer is 'Yeast'
Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

One of the following is used in the baking of the bread?

  1. Zygosaccharomyces octosporus

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Saccharomyces ludwigii

  4. Rhizopus stolonifer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae also know as Baker's yeast is used in bread making and in production of many other bakery products.
  • It is used for the act of fermentation which is done by the yeast on the sugar/starch that is present in the flour. The starch is converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide by the act of fermentation.
  • The carbon dioxide in the dough makes the bread dough to rise and also provides the bread with softness and makes it fluffy after it is cooked.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae'
Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Baker's yeast is?

  1. S. cerevisae

  2. S. ludwingii

  3. S. octosporus

  4. Schizosaccharomyces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The yeast most commonly used for leavening bread is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the same species used for brewing alcoholic beverages. This yeast ferments some of the carbohydrates in the flour, including any sugar, producing carbon dioxide. 

So the correct option is 'S. cerevisiae'.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

During its formation, bread becomes porous due to CO$ _2$ released by

  1. Protozoans

  2. Bacteria

  3. Yeast

  4. Viruses
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bread is prepared from the dough, which is fermented using baker's yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ). The puffed-up appearance of dough is due to the production of carbon dioxide during fermentation. Carbon dioxide gas along with ethyl alcohol evaporate during baking, making bread porous and soft. 

So, n2
So, the correct answer is 'Yeast'

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Which one is used for preparation of bread?

  1. Lactobacillus

  2. Streptobacillus

  3. Aspergillus

  4. S.cerevisiae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast, is the primary microorganism used in the bread-making process for leavening.

Multiple choice biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

Mostly bread is semi-sweet in taste due to.

  1. Yeast

  2. Remnants of alcohol

  3. Sugar

  4. Acetic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the making of bread both carbon dioxide and alcohol are trapped by the dough and both are expelled from the dough by the heat of baking. So, the bread tastes semi-sweet.

So, the correct answer is 'Remnants of alcohol'.

Multiple choice biology food production food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Commercial source of manufacture of cheese especially for giving flavour to it, its from _____________.

  1. Citrus fruit

  2. Aspergillus

  3. Penicillium

  4. Bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Various bacteria, such as Propionibacterium and others, are used in the cheese-making industry to develop specific flavors and textures during the ripening process.

Multiple choice biology food production food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Which is wrongly matched 

  1. Clostridium butylicum - Lactic acid

  2. Aspergillus hiner - Citric acid

  3. Yeast - Statins

  4. Acetobacter aceti - Acetic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Clostridium butylicum is used to produce butyric acid. Lactic acid is produced by Acetobacter.

So, the correct option is 'Clostridium butylicum - Lactic acid'

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and movements features of a muscle muscle features muscle contraction and its effects
Select the incorrectly matched pair.
  1. End products of alcoholic - Ethanol + ${CO} _{2}$
  2. End products of lactic acid fermentation - Lactic acid + ${CO} _{2}$

  3. Glycolysis - Cytoplasm

  4. Key product of glycolysis - Pyruvic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in lactic acid bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus), some fungi and muscles. In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis is directly reduced by NADH to form lactic acid. No ${CO} _{2}$ is produced. The enzyme is lactate dehydrogenase which requires FMN and ${Zn}^{2+}$.

$Pyruvic \,\,acid+NADH\xrightarrow[FMN,{Zn}^{2+}]{Lactate \,\,denydrogenase}Lactic \,\,acid+{NAD}^{+}$

So the correct answer is 'End products of lactic acid fermentation - Lactic acid + ${CO} _{2}$'.