Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Alcohol is produced during the process of

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Combustion

  3. Fermentation

  4. Kreb's cycle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Alcohol is commercially produced using a process called as fermentation. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol and carbon dioxide. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Who among the following said that 'fermentation is a biochemical process'?

  1. A. Fleming

  2. Kitasate

  3. L. Pasteur

  4. Ivanowske
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
L. Pasteur was the one who said fermentation is a biochemical process. He said that the catalyst for these reactions are living organisms (mainly microorganisms) but not inorganic compounds.Because the small size of microbes, other scientists doubted this at that time.
Hence, the answer is C.
Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that produces bubbles of carbon dioxide that makes bread dough rise.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is accompanied by the liberation of carbon dioxide gas. The process is used in baking breads because the liberated carbon dioxide helps the dough to rise. 

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that causes your muscles to be sore after a long, strenuous workout.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In a strenuous workout, the oxygen supply to the body tissues is not received completely. To produce the necessary energy in the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate molecule at the end of glycolysis is utilised in fermentation to produce lactic acid.

The presence of lactic acid in the muscles leads to cramps and muscles to sore.
So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Identify correct pairs from the following.

(P) Rhizobium$\longrightarrow$ Nitrogen fixation
(Q) Clostridium$\longrightarrow$ Bakery products
(R) Penicillium$\longrightarrow$ Production of antibiotics
(S) Yeast $\longrightarrow$Food poisoning

  1. P and Q

  2. R and P

  3. S and R

  4. Q and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Rhizobium is a nitrogen fixation bacteria found in soil.
  • Penicillium is an antibiotic used for making medicines and antibiotics.

So, the correct option is 'R and P'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Which of the following statement are correct?
A. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast. 
B. Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.
C. Fermentation takes place in mitochondria
D. Fermentation is a kind of anaerobic respiration.

  1. D only

  2. Both B and C

  3. Both A and D

  4. Both C and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pyruvate is the output of glycolysis where one molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate. Anaerobically, pyruvic acid is broken down to form lactate in animals and ethanol  in plants and microorganisms. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then ethanol and carbon dioxide. Ethanol fermentation which is a biological process of converting sugars to cellular energy is performed by yeasts in the absence of oxygen. hence this is considered as a anaerobic process. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs food of animals animal and their eating habit classification of animals on the basis of food types of animals

Which of the following organisms it used In the production of beverages?

  1. Penicillium notatum

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Aspergillus niger

  4. Clostridium butylicum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as brewer's yeast, is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices to produce ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Microbes (yeasts in particular) have been used for the production of beverages, such as wine, beer, whisky, brandy and rum. 

Multiple choice commercial applications sources of water conservation of natural and energy resources energy conservation and sources importance of the conservation of natural resources reduce, recycle, reuse

Biogas generation is mainly based on the principle of

  1. Fermentation

  2. Degradation

  3. Putrification

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biogas is a flammable gas that is produced from the fermentation or degradation of biomass in biogas plants. Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown (degradation) of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. whereas the breakdown of organic matter, usually by bacterial action, resulting in the formation of other substances of less complex constitution with the evolution of ammonia is known as putrification.

Multiple choice botany economic importance of bacteria and fungi fungi: benefits and harmful effects useful and harmful fungi uses of fungi

Which of the following produces citric acid through fermentation process?

  1. Aspergillus

  2. Streptococcus

  3. Acetobacter

  4. Streptomyces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Aspergillus produces citric acid through fermentation process.
  • Streptococcus  produces lactic acid through fermentation.
  • Acetobacter produces acetic acid through fermentation.
  • Streptomyces produces antibiotics.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Aspergillus'.
Multiple choice botany economic importance of bacteria and fungi fungi: benefits and harmful effects useful and harmful fungi uses of fungi

Which of the following is an application of fermentation

  1. Tanning of leather

  2. Curing of tea

  3. Production of wine

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Fermentation in the process of tanning leather is used to soften the skin after removing the hair. This done using various bacteria.
  • fermention in curing of tea takes place after the process of disruption. Here the chlorophyll in the ;eves is enzymatically broken and its tannins are released.
  • In production of wine the organism used for fermentation to convert carbohydrate in alcohol.
Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol by yeast is called as

  1. Fermentation

  2. Pasteurisation

  3. Alcoholism

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Pasteurisation is a

  1. Sterilisation technique

  2. Immunisation technique

  3. Fermentation technique

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteurization is the technique of heating milk at a high temperature ( 75$^0$ C) for a short period of time (15 s) and again cooling down quickly. It kills bacteria that may be in the milk, to ensure its safe consumption. Also, it increases the lifespan of milk. Therefore, pasteurisation is a 'sterilisation technique'.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Which of these organisms is unicellular, causes fermentation of sugar solutions and respires anerobically?

  1. Rhizopus

  2. Yeast

  3. Amoeba

  4. Bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The yeast is a type of fungal species which have unicellular cells. These cells are known to perform anaerobic fermentation of the sugars and produce alcohol and carbon dioxide. The organism respires anaerobically and breaks down the fermentable sugars in the absence of oxygen.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.