Tag: economic importance of bacteria and fungi

• Aspergillus produces citric acid through fermentation process.
• Streptococcus  produces lactic acid through fermentation.
• Acetobacter produces acetic acid through fermentation.
• Streptomyces produces antibiotics.
• So, the correct answer is 'Aspergillus'.

• Candida is the fungus that causes infection on the skin or the mucous membrane.
• The cells of the fungus in order to infect the host cell needs to break the cell membrane and enter the cell. For this purpose the fungi secrets phospholipase and lipase to dissolve the cell membrane which is made us of the lipid bilayer with units of phospholipid present in it.
• After entering the cell the fungi starts growing on the cell in a parasitic way. The secretions which are released by the fungus cause itching and rashes on the area of infection.
• Whereas Trichoderma is not an infectious agent but it lives in a symbiotic relationship with many plants. Some species of Trichoderma maybe pathogenic but only to plants.
• Streptococcus is a disease-causing organism but it causing the disease using the process of hemolytic where it mainly attacks the blood cells and causing their lysis.
• Mucor is fungus whose growth is seen on the stale bread. It is black colour mold growing on the bread.
• Therefore the answer Option C is correct as Candida is the only one among the options that secrets lipid dissolving enzymes.
  

• Fermentation in the process of tanning leather is used to soften the skin after removing the hair. This done using various bacteria.
• fermention in curing of tea takes place after the process of disruption. Here the chlorophyll in the ;eves is enzymatically broken and its tannins are released.
• In production of wine the organism used for fermentation to convert carbohydrate in alcohol.

• Prokaryotics will be the next group after fungus that will benefit if all the fungus were to die a sudden death.
• As the protist group consist of mostly disease causing organisms and plants are one that take the benefit from the decomposed material while animals are the those that feed on organisms from first and second tropic level.
• Prokaryotes mostly have single celled organisms such as bacteria which help in decomposition of the organic waste left by the higher organisms
• So, the correct answer is 'Prokaryotes'.

AIDS is transmitted sexually or through blood transfusion or from mother to fetus.
Tetanus is not transmitted from person to person or from animal to person.
Hepatitis-B is transmitted through blood and infected bodily fluids.
Rabies is a fatal viral disease of mammals, most often transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b.

A zoonotic disease is a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. They can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. Measles is a viral disease in humans. Diptheria is caused by bacterium Corynebacterium diptheriae. Leprosy is chronic infection caused by bacteria Mycobacterium leprae.
Rabies is one such zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D), 'Rabies'.

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. There is a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. It is transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, mainly Aedes aegypti.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Break bone fever is another name for dengue fever. It is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. It is transmitted by several species of the mosquito within the genus Aedes aegypti.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Influenza is commonly known as 'flu' and is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness and at times can lead to death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccination each year.

Aedes aegypti, the principal mosquito vector of dengue viruses is an insect closely associated with humans and their dwellings. People not only provide the mosquitoes with blood meals but also water-holding containers in and around the home needed to complete their development. The mosquito lays her eggs on the sides of containers with water and eggs hatch into larvae after a rain or flooding. A larva changes into a pupa in about a week and into a mosquito in two days.