Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,086 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that produces bubbles of carbon dioxide that makes bread dough rise.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is accompanied by the liberation of carbon dioxide gas. The process is used in baking breads because the liberated carbon dioxide helps the dough to rise. 

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that causes your muscles to be sore after a long, strenuous workout.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In a strenuous workout, the oxygen supply to the body tissues is not received completely. To produce the necessary energy in the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate molecule at the end of glycolysis is utilised in fermentation to produce lactic acid.

The presence of lactic acid in the muscles leads to cramps and muscles to sore.
So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

Which of the following statement are correct?
A. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast. 
B. Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.
C. Fermentation takes place in mitochondria
D. Fermentation is a kind of anaerobic respiration.

  1. D only

  2. Both B and C

  3. Both A and D

  4. Both C and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pyruvate is the output of glycolysis where one molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate. Anaerobically, pyruvic acid is broken down to form lactate in animals and ethanol  in plants and microorganisms. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then ethanol and carbon dioxide. Ethanol fermentation which is a biological process of converting sugars to cellular energy is performed by yeasts in the absence of oxygen. hence this is considered as a anaerobic process. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs food of animals animal and their eating habit classification of animals on the basis of food types of animals

Which of the following organisms it used In the production of beverages?

  1. Penicillium notatum

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Aspergillus niger

  4. Clostridium butylicum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as brewer's yeast, is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices to produce ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Microbes (yeasts in particular) have been used for the production of beverages, such as wine, beer, whisky, brandy and rum. 

Multiple choice commercial applications sources of water conservation of natural and energy resources energy conservation and sources importance of the conservation of natural resources reduce, recycle, reuse

Biogas generation is mainly based on the principle of

  1. Fermentation

  2. Degradation

  3. Putrification

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biogas is a flammable gas that is produced from the fermentation or degradation of biomass in biogas plants. Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown (degradation) of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. whereas the breakdown of organic matter, usually by bacterial action, resulting in the formation of other substances of less complex constitution with the evolution of ammonia is known as putrification.

Multiple choice botany economic importance of bacteria and fungi fungi: benefits and harmful effects useful and harmful fungi uses of fungi

Which of the following produces citric acid through fermentation process?

  1. Aspergillus

  2. Streptococcus

  3. Acetobacter

  4. Streptomyces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Aspergillus produces citric acid through fermentation process.
  • Streptococcus  produces lactic acid through fermentation.
  • Acetobacter produces acetic acid through fermentation.
  • Streptomyces produces antibiotics.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Aspergillus'.
Multiple choice botany economic importance of bacteria and fungi fungi: benefits and harmful effects useful and harmful fungi uses of fungi

Which of the following is an application of fermentation

  1. Tanning of leather

  2. Curing of tea

  3. Production of wine

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Fermentation in the process of tanning leather is used to soften the skin after removing the hair. This done using various bacteria.
  • fermention in curing of tea takes place after the process of disruption. Here the chlorophyll in the ;eves is enzymatically broken and its tannins are released.
  • In production of wine the organism used for fermentation to convert carbohydrate in alcohol.
Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol by yeast is called as

  1. Fermentation

  2. Pasteurisation

  3. Alcoholism

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Pasteurisation is a

  1. Sterilisation technique

  2. Immunisation technique

  3. Fermentation technique

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteurization is the technique of heating milk at a high temperature ( 75$^0$ C) for a short period of time (15 s) and again cooling down quickly. It kills bacteria that may be in the milk, to ensure its safe consumption. Also, it increases the lifespan of milk. Therefore, pasteurisation is a 'sterilisation technique'.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Yeast is used in preparation of

  1. Acetic acid

  2. Curd

  3. Ethyl alcohol

  4. Cheese
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Yeast is a fungal species that converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols.
(A)Acetic acid bacteria are responsible for the production of Acetic acid.
(B)Lactobacillus is responsible for the conversion of milk into curd.
(C)Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for the production of ethyl alcohol.
(D)Lactobacillus or Streptococcus is responsible for the conversion of production of cheese.

So, the correct answer is 'Ethyl alcohol'

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Product of fermentation of glucose by yeast is?

  1. $(C _6H _{10}O _5) _n$
  2. $C _2H _5OH$
  3. $C _6H _{12}O _6$
  4. $CH _3OH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yeast is a fungal species that converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for the production of ethyl alcohol.

So, the correct answer is 'C2H5OH'C2H5OH

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

Which of the following yeasts is used in the preparation of beer and wine?

  1. Saccharomyces ludwigii

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Schizosaccharomyces

  4. Ashbya gossypii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (common yeast) is a species of yeast. It is the most useful yeast, linked to wine making, baking and brewing. It is also called as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast.