Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are not correct about penicillin production?

  1. Penicillin is produced by anaerobic fermentation.
  2. Inoculum preparation for the fermentation medium for penicillin takes place on barley seeds.
  3. Vegetable oil added in the fermentation medium for penicillin, act as source of nutrients.
  4. Penicillin is recovered after fermentation as potassium penicillin.

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 2 and 4

  5. 2, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin is produced by aerobic fermentation. Vegetable oil, (corn oil or soybean oil) added in the fermentation medium for penicillin, act as an antifoam agent.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. Microorganisms may be unicellular or multicellular. b. Viruses feed, move and respire on their own. c. Bacteria is useful in making food, nitrogen fixation and decomposition of waste organic matter.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses feed, move and respire on their own, is a wrong statement. Thus, it is the correct option. It is bacteria, who feed, move and respire on their own.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Bacteria 1. are a group of single-celled microorganisms which are classified as animals.
b. Viruses 2. are very small, single-celled microorganisms which have cell walls but do not have organised nucleus and other structures.
c. Protozoa 3. are the smallest microorganisms which can develop only inside the cells of the host organisms.

  1. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  2. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  3. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Bacteria are very small, single-celled microorganisms, which have cell walls but do not have organised nucleus and other structures. Viruses are the smallest microorganisms, which can develop only inside the cells of the host organisms. Protozoa are a group of single-celled microorganisms, which are classified as animals.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. Algae can turn alcohol into acetic acid. b. Yeast is used in the baking industry to make bread. c. Microorganisms clean up the atmosphere by decomposing the organic matter of dead plants, animals into harmless and simple substances.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Algae can turn alcohol into acetic acid, is a false statement. Thus, it is the correct option. Bacteria can turn alcohol into acetic acid.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Pathogens 1. are a large group of organisms, which do not have chlorophyll and do not photosynthesise.
b. Algae 2. are the disease causing microorganisms.
c. Fungi 3. is a large group of simple, plant-like organisms.

  1. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  2. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Pathogens are the disease causing microorganisms. Algae is a large group of simple, plant-like organisms. Fungi are a large group of organisms, which do not have chlorophyll and do not photosynthesise.

Multiple choice

In the manufacture of bread, the dough rises because of

  1. the action of heat in the baking process

  2. the capillary action of water in the dough

  3. the evaporation of water used in kneading the dough

  4. the releasing action of carbon dioxide formed during the fermentation process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bread dough rises because yeast performs fermentation, which consumes sugars and releases carbon dioxide gas. This gas gets trapped in the dough, causing it to expand.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements does not characterise fungi?

  1. Fungi are autotrophic organisms.

  2. Fungal cells contain membrane-bound nuclei.

  3. Fungi have a cell wall.

  4. Some fungi display the phenomenon of bioluminescence.

  5. The fungi have haploid nuclei.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the incorrect statement as fungi lack chloroplasts and are heterotrophic organisms and require preformed organic compounds as energy sources.