Tag: microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

Questions Related to microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

Study the following statements regarding lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which are used to convert milk into curd.
(i) They produce adds that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins.
(ii) A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as an inoculum contains millions of LAB, which at suitable temperature, multiply and convert milk into curd.
(iii) Conversion of milk into curd improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin $B _{12}$.
(iv) LAB may result in acidity in the stomach of human beings.
Which of the given statements are correct? 

zoology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products food production and microorganisms

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Microbes such as. Lactobacillus and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it into curd. During growth, such bacteria produce adds (mainly lactic add) that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. A small amount of curd, known as starter, is added to the milk and kept at a suitable temperature, where lactic acid bacteria multiply in millions and converts milk into curd that also improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin BI2. It also checks the growth of disease-causing microbes in the stomach.

So, the correct answer is '(i), (ii) and (iii)'

 Identify the blank spaces A, B, C and D in the following table and select the correct answer. 

Type of microbe Scientific name Commercial product
Bacterium A Streptokinase
B Aspergillus niger Citric acid
Fungus Trichoderma polysporum C
Bacterium D Butyric acid
zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. A-Streptococcus, B-Fungus, C-Cyclosporin A, D-Clostridium butylicum

  2. A-Clostridium butylicum, B-Streptococcus, C-Fungus, D-Cyclosporin A

  3. A-Streptococcus, B-Yeast, C-Cydosporin A, Dlactobacillus

  4. A-Streptococcus, B-Cyclosporin A, C-Statins, D-Clostridium butylicum

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Strepokinase is obtained from Streptococcus.
Aspergillus is a fungus.
Tricoderma produces cyclosporin A
Butyric acid is obtained from Clostridium butylicum.
So, the correct answer is ' A-Streptococcus, B-Fungus, c-Cyclosporin A, D- Clostridium butylicum.'

Match different organisms in column I with their uses in column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.

Column I Column II
A. Lactobacillus acidophifus (i) Formation of dough
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ii) Single cell proteins
C. Propionibacterium shannanii (iii) Conversion of milk into curd
D. Spirulina (iv) Formation of Swiss cheese 
zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. $A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv) $

  2. $A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii) $

  3. $A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)$

  4. $A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv) $

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Lactobacillus acidophilus convert milk into curd.
Swiss cheese is made with the help of Propionibacterium shermanii .
Saccharomyces cerevisiae helps in the formation of dough.
Spirulina is used as Singla cell protein.
So, the correct option is 'A-(iii), B-(I), C-(iv), D-(ii)'

Select the correct option to fill up the blanks.
(i) _______ are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry.
(ii) _______ are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them.
(iii) ______ are produced without distillation whereas,   are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.
(iv) ______ antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in world war II.
(v) _______ is also called as kusht rog. 

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. (i) Lipases, (ii) Camembert cheese, (iii) Whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy

  2. (I) Lipases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy

  3. (i) Streptokinases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Streptomycin, (v) Whooping cough

  4. (i) Amylases, (ii) Swiss cheese, (iii) Whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Diphtheria

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Lipases are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry. Roquefort  are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them. Wine and beer are produced without distillation whereas, whisky and rum  are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.  Penicillin antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in world war II.  Leprosy is also called as kusht rog. 
So, the correct option is '(i) lipases, (ii)Roquefort cheese, (iii)Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Penicillin, (v)Leprosy'

Statement 1 : Besides curdling of milk, LAB also improve its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin $B _{12}$.
Statement 2 : LAB, when present in human stomach, check disease causing microbes. 

zoology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products food production and microorganisms

  1. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

  2. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

  3. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

  4. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
LAB improve its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin B$ _12$ besides curdling the milk.
LAB produce myriad beneficial effects for human beings include, alleviation of lactose intolerance, diarrhoea, peptic ulcer, stimulation of immune system, antiallergic effects, antifungal actions and prevention of colon cancer.
So, the correct option is 'Both statements 1 and 2 are correct'

Which of the following food items is produced by the fermenting activity of microbes? 
A. Milk
B. Dosa 
C. Toddy
D. Cheese 

zoology micro - organisms: a wonderful world commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. A and C

  2. C and D

  3. A, B and C

  4. B, C and D

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cheese is one of the oldest milk products prepared with the help of microbes.The curd is separated from liquid part or whey to form cheese. Dosa, Upma are fermented preparation of rice and black gram. The two are allowed to ferment for 3-12 hours with air borne Leuconostoc and Streptococcus species of bacteria. Toddy is a traditional drink of some parts of South India which is made by fermentation of sap of palms.

So, the correct answer is 'B, C and D'.

Microorganisms involved in curd formation is

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. Rhizopus

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. Smut

  4. Rust

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lactobacillus belongs to the group of bacteria which perform fermentation and convert the sugars into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen. This bacterium is present in the raw milk. This bacterium can also be added to the milk in the form of already synthesized curd. Lactose is the disaccharide sugar present in the milk gets converted to lactic acid. The lactic acid which is produced gives a sour taste and the milk is converted to curd. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

The heat treatment that destroys harmful bacteria and also causes little nutrient damage is

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. freeze drying

  2. pasteurisation

  3. drying

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is one of the examples of physical methods to cause food preservation and is called pasteurization.

What is the process called due to which idli and dosa makes it fluffy and soft?

zoology micro - organisms: a wonderful world commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. Pasteurisation

  2. Fermentation

  3. Vaccination

  4. None

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the fungus which is commonly known as baker's yeast. The yeast cells are added to the batter of idli and dosa. The fungus performs anaerobic fermentation. The fungus utilizes the fermentable sugars and convert them to ethanol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide gas causes the dough to rise and become soft and fluffy. The carbon dioxide bubbles gets trapped in the dough and when baking is done, this bubbles break and forms pores. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Dosa and Idli are preparations of

zoology micro - organisms: a wonderful world commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. Wheat flour

  2. Rice

  3. Rice and Black gram

  4. Wheat and Black Gram

Show answer
Correct Option: C