Tag: microbes in human welfare

Questions Related to microbes in human welfare

 Identify the blank spaces A, B, C and D in the following table and select the correct answer. 

Type of microbe Scientific name Commercial product
Bacterium A Streptokinase
B Aspergillus niger Citric acid
Fungus Trichoderma polysporum C
Bacterium D Butyric acid
zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. A-Streptococcus, B-Fungus, C-Cyclosporin A, D-Clostridium butylicum

  2. A-Clostridium butylicum, B-Streptococcus, C-Fungus, D-Cyclosporin A

  3. A-Streptococcus, B-Yeast, C-Cydosporin A, Dlactobacillus

  4. A-Streptococcus, B-Cyclosporin A, C-Statins, D-Clostridium butylicum

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Strepokinase is obtained from Streptococcus.
Aspergillus is a fungus.
Tricoderma produces cyclosporin A
Butyric acid is obtained from Clostridium butylicum.
So, the correct answer is ' A-Streptococcus, B-Fungus, c-Cyclosporin A, D- Clostridium butylicum.'

Match different organisms in column I with their uses in column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.

Column I Column II
A. Lactobacillus acidophifus (i) Formation of dough
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ii) Single cell proteins
C. Propionibacterium shannanii (iii) Conversion of milk into curd
D. Spirulina (iv) Formation of Swiss cheese 
zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. $A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv) $

  2. $A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii) $

  3. $A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)$

  4. $A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv) $

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Lactobacillus acidophilus convert milk into curd.
Swiss cheese is made with the help of Propionibacterium shermanii .
Saccharomyces cerevisiae helps in the formation of dough.
Spirulina is used as Singla cell protein.
So, the correct option is 'A-(iii), B-(I), C-(iv), D-(ii)'

Select the correct option to fill up the blanks.
(i) _______ are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry.
(ii) _______ are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them.
(iii) ______ are produced without distillation whereas,   are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.
(iv) ______ antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in world war II.
(v) _______ is also called as kusht rog. 

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. (i) Lipases, (ii) Camembert cheese, (iii) Whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy

  2. (I) Lipases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy

  3. (i) Streptokinases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Streptomycin, (v) Whooping cough

  4. (i) Amylases, (ii) Swiss cheese, (iii) Whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Diphtheria

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Lipases are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry. Roquefort  are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them. Wine and beer are produced without distillation whereas, whisky and rum  are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.  Penicillin antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in world war II.  Leprosy is also called as kusht rog. 
So, the correct option is '(i) lipases, (ii)Roquefort cheese, (iii)Wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Penicillin, (v)Leprosy'

Microorganisms involved in curd formation is

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. Rhizopus

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. Smut

  4. Rust

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lactobacillus belongs to the group of bacteria which perform fermentation and convert the sugars into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen. This bacterium is present in the raw milk. This bacterium can also be added to the milk in the form of already synthesized curd. Lactose is the disaccharide sugar present in the milk gets converted to lactic acid. The lactic acid which is produced gives a sour taste and the milk is converted to curd. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

The heat treatment that destroys harmful bacteria and also causes little nutrient damage is

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. freeze drying

  2. pasteurisation

  3. drying

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is one of the examples of physical methods to cause food preservation and is called pasteurization.

Smack is chemically?

zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

  1. Diacetyl morphine

  2. Diethyl morphine

  3. Ethyl alcohol

  4. $3-4$ Diacetylmorphine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Smack is one of the street names of heroin which is chemically diacetylmorphine. It is generally produced by the acetylation of crude morphine and is a narcotic analgesic that is used in the treatment of severe pain. Illicit heroin may be smoked or solubilised with a weak acid and then injected.

So, the correct answer is 'Diacetylmorphine'.

What would happen if oxygen availability to activated sludge flocs is reduced ?

zoology microbes in human welfare biogas environmental use of microorganism microbes in waste treatment and biogas

  1. It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter.

  2. The center of flocs will become anoxic, which would cause death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs.

  3. Flea would Increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs.

  4. Protozoa would grow in large numbers.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Oxygen is very important for the microorganism to break down and degrade the organic matter which is present in the sewage or the activated sludge. If the oxygen availability of the activated sludge floc is reduced then the degradation rate will slow down.

So, the correct option is 'it will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter'

A sewage treatment process in which a part of decomposer bacteria present in the wastes is recycled into the starting of the process is called as:

zoology microbes in human welfare biogas environmental use of microorganism microbes in waste treatment and biogas

  1. primary treatment

  2. activated sludge treatment

  3. tertiary treatment

  4. none of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A sewage treatment process in which a part of decomposer bacteria present in the wastes is recycled into the starting of the process is called activated sludge treatment .
So, the correct option is 'activated sludge treatment'

Sewage treatment process in which part of decomposer bacteria is recycled into starting of the process is called.

zoology microbes in human welfare biogas environmental use of microorganism microbes in waste treatment and biogas

  1. Cyclic treatment

  2. Primary treatment

  3. Tertiary treatment

  4. Activated sludge treatment

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as an inoculum in activated sludge treatment.

Correct answer-D

Polluted water can be purified by using

zoology microbes in human welfare biogas environmental use of microorganism microbes in waste treatment and biogas

  1. Micro-organisms

  2. Algae

  3. Pesticides

  4. Fishes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Water pollution due to organic sources like pollution due to sewage can be prevented by treating sewage before passing into the water course, in sewage or effluent treatment plants (ETP). Domestic sewage primarily contains biodegradable organic matter, which readily decomposes by bacteria and other micro-organisms, which can multiply by using these organic substances as substrates and hence reduce some of the components of sewage. Thus, the correct answer is option A.