Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Microorganism used in fermentation for alcohol is

  1. Lactobacillus

  2. Saccharomyces

  3. Penicllium

  4. Acetobacter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Fermentation bacteria are anaerobic, but use organic molecules as their final electron acceptor to produce fermentation end-products. Alcohol fermentation is done by yeast and some kinds of bacteria. Saccharomyces convert sugars in ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Alcoholic fermentation begins after glucose enters the cell. The glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid. This pyruvic acid is then converted to CO2, ethanol, and energy for the cell. Humans have long taken advantage of this process in making bread, beer, and wine.
SO the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces'.
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Beer is fermented from

  1. Molasses

  2. Grape

  3. Barley

  4. Wheat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Beer is produced from malted barley. It has an alcohol content of about 3-6%. The formation of beer is carried out with the help of brewer's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast causes fermentation of malted barley (the germinating grains of Barley that have been dried). This results in the formation of ethyl alcohol along with carbon dioxide. It also provides characteristic taste and flavour to beer.
So, the correct answer is 'Barley'.
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Brandy is distilled product of fermented

  1. Fruit juice

  2. Molasses

  3. Rice

  4. Barley
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Brandy is produced from the distillation of wine which in turn is produced by fermentation of fruit juices. The alcohol content of Brandy is about 35-60% by volume. Generally grape wine is used for making brandy but fruits like apple, cherries, pears etc. are also used for making wine. Brandy made from these fruits is called fruit brandy. Brandy is generally drunk after dinner. Brandy is often aged to enhance its taste.
So, the correct answer is 'Fruit juice'.
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Match the columns.

(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (i) Production of immunosuppressive agent
(b) Monascus purpureus (ii) Ripening swiss cheese
(c) Trichoderma polysporum (iii) Commercial production of ethanol
(d) Propionibacterium sharmanli (iv) Production of blood cholesterol lowering agents

  1. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

  2. a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

  3. a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii

  4. a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Ethanol production

Monascus purpureus-Production of blood cholesterol lowering statins
Trichoderma polysporum-Production of immunosuppressive agent Cyclosporin A
Propionibacterium shermanii-Swiss cheese ripening
Correct answer-A

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Which among these are produced by distillation of fermented broth?
(a) Whisky
(b) Wine
(c) Beer
(d) Rum
(e) Brandy.

  1. b and c alone

  2. a and b alone

  3. a, d and e alone

  4. c and d alone

  5. a, c and d alone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wine and beer are produced without distillation,whereas whisky, brandy and rum are produced with distillation.

Correct answer-C

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Which, one of the following alcoholic drinks is produced without distillation ?

  1. Wine

  2. Whisky

  3. Rum

  4. Brandy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Wine is the alcoholic drink produced without distillation whereas whisky, rum and brandy are produced by the distillation of the fermented broth. The alcoholic drinks are formed either by distillation or without distillation depending on the type of raw material used for fermentation. 

So, the correct option is 'Option A' .

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Production of ethanol $(C _2H _5OH)$ occurs in one of the life processes of

  1. Bread mould

  2. Yeast

  3. Mushroom

  4. Penicillium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ethanol is produced during Anaerobic respiration by yeast, the process commonly known as Fermentation.

Glucose $ \rightarrow\ $ethanol + Carbon dioxide + energy
It is utilised in the breweries and bakeries.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Yeast'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

In Amoeba and Paramecium osmoregulation occurs through

  1. Pseudopodia

  2. Nucleus

  3. Contractile vacuole

  4. General surface
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Osmoregulation is the maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentration. In Amoeba and paramecium, the osmoregulation occurs through Contractile vacuole. The function of a contractile vacuole in protozoan is to expel out excess water via diffusion.
So, the correct answer is 'Contractile vacuole'.
Multiple choice zoology production of food from animals animal breeding animal husbandry and its importance introduction to animal husbandry

Milk production in cattle depends on

A. Lactation period
B. Food type
C. Milking time
D. Breed

The correct option is

  1. A, B and C

  2. A, C and D

  3. A, B, C and D

  4. B, C and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Milk production in cattle depends on the lactation period which means till what period/duration the female produces milk, food type it affects as what type of food she is eating and is nutritious  milking time is in a day how many hours it gives milk, and also breed to which breed does it belongs, like a Jersey which is a high milk yielding milk

So, the correct answer is 'A, B, C and D'

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

Which of the following is used as probiotic?

  1. Rhizobium

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. E. coli

  4. Streptomyces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a type of bacteria found in your intestines.

 Lactobacilli, particularly L. acidophilus, are often used as probiotics. 
The World Health Organization defines probiotics as "live micro-organisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host."

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

Which of the following enzyme used in dairy industry is produced by GM microorganism?

  1. Peptidase

  2. Chymosin

  3. Bovine

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chymosin, commonly known as rennin, is the principal milk- coagulating enzyme present in rennet. Rennet, which has a long and extensive history of safe use in making cheese and other dairy products.