Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Arrack is fermented

  1. Apple juice

  2. Toddy

  3. Cashewnut thalamus

  4. Grapes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Arrack is an alcoholic drink produced by distillation of fermented toddy. Toddy is an alcoholic drink produced from the sap of coconut flowers. The sap is fermented to produce toddy, a traditional drink in south India. Fermented toddy is then distilled to produce arrack. However, Arrack has been banned in India. It has refreshing effects but it is also toxic if consumed in excess amount. It has caused many deaths in different countries.
So, the correct answer is 'Toddy'. 
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Select the correct statement.

  1. Acetobacter aceti produces citric acid.

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used as clot buster.

  3. Penicillium notatum restricts the growth of Staphylococci

  4. Methanogens are found in aerobic conditions.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A)Acetobacter aceti produces acetic acid.

B)Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used as a producer of ethanol.
C)Penicillium notalum restricts the growth of Staphylococci.
D)Methanogens are found in aerobic conditions.
So the correct option is 'Penicillium notalum restricts the growth of Staphylococci'

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

In the process of making bread, the carbohydrates in the flour are fermented by baker's yeast. Which of the following is another product when sugar is transformed into carbon dioxide?

  1. Methanol

  2. Ethanol

  3. Propanol

  4. Butanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Yeast converts sugar present in flour into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. CO2 gas is trapped by gluten proteins in the flour which causes the dough to rise. Fermentation results in a light and airy crumb in bread products.

So, the correct answer is 'Ethanol'.
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

In process of fermentation of production of wine from grapes which microorganism is used?

  1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  2. Aspergillus oryzae

  3. Lactobacillus brevis

  4. Aspergillus niger
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from grape juice. In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts the sugars of wine grapes into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. The most common yeast associated with winemaking is Saccharomyces cerevisiae which has been favored due to its predictable and vigorous fermentation capabilities, tolerance of relatively high levels of alcohol and sulfur dioxide as well as its ability to thrive in normal wine pH between 2.8 and 4.


So, the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae'.

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Which one of the following alcoholic drink is produced without distillation?

  1. Wine

  2. Whisky

  3. Rum

  4. Brandy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Wine is an undistilled product of fruit juice fermentation brought about by yeast. Wine is produced by the normal alcoholic fermentation of fruit juices, especially the grape juice.
Whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage, generally made from fermented grain mash including barley, corn, rye, and wheat.
One of the most loved alcoholic drink, rum is actually made by using the byproducts of sugarcane or sugarcane juice directly and is then distilled.
Brandy is the distillation product of fermented grape juice (wine) and contains about 40-50% alcohol. 
So the correct answer is option A "wine"
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Which among the following alcoholic beverage will be formed by distillation?

  1. Brandy

  2. Wine

  3. Beer

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Distillation is the process by which water is removed from a mixture of ethanol and water. During distillation, alcohol and water are separated from each other using the difference in their boiling points.
  • Whisky, brandy and rum are produced by distillation of the fermented broth. 
  • Hence the alcoholic beverage formed by distillation id Brandy.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Brandy'.
Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Wine turns sour on

  1. Exposure to light

  2. Contamination by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti

  3. Contamination by anaerobic bacteria

  4. On heating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When a wine bottle is exposed to air, its contents get oxidize. It gets contaminated by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti. This bacteria turn the alcohol in wine into acetic acid. This will turn wine sour and gives it a vinegar taste. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Contamination by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti.'

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

Fermentation for the industrial production of ethanol is carried out by

  1. Saccharomyces

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. Streptomyces

  4. Acetobacter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Microbial production of one of the organic feedstocks from plant substances such as molasses is presently used for ethanol production. The commercial production is carried out with Saccha­romyces cerevisiae. Saccharomyces cerevisiae starts producing ethanol at the rate of 10% (v/v) with 10-20g cells dry weight/lit. The reduction in fermentation time is accomplished use of ceil recycling continuously in fermentation.

So the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces'.