Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,782 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Besides its permanent seat at Delhi, the Supreme Court can also meet at ______________________.

  1. any other metropolitan city

  2. any other major city

  3. any other place as decided by the Chief Justice of India in consultation with the President

  4. any other Union Territory
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Article 130 of the Constitution of India declares Delhi as the seat of the Supreme Court but it also authorises the Chief Justice of India with the approval of the President to appoint other place or places as the seat of the Supreme court. This provision is not mandatory.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Consider the following statements:
1. The Parliament cannot enlarge the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India as its jurisdiction is limited to that conferred by the Constitution.
2. The officers and servants of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the concerned Chief Justice and the administrative expenses are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
It is the administrative function of both the Courts, i.e. the Supreme Court and the High Court to appoint the officers and servants of the court. Article 146 deals that all the officers and servants of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the Chief Justice of India. Further clause 3 of the Article provides that the administrative expenses shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India. 
The same power for appointment of officers and servants of High Court and administrative expenses is dealt under Article 229 of the Constitution of India.
Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Independence of judiciary will be at stake if _______________.

  1. judges are paid High salary

  2. the tenure of services of judges is guaranteed

  3. selection of judges is made on marit alone

  4. judges are chosen from among those committed to the ruling party.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Independence is compromised when the executive influences the selection of judges, particularly if they are chosen based on political loyalty rather than merit.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Which of the following is not true?

  1. A case must be brought before the Supreme Court regarding the validity of a law

  2. Unanimous opinion of all judges is necessary for declaring a law null and void

  3. Legislative enactment and executive orders may be struck down by the Supreme Court

  4. the power is ipmlicit in the provisions of Article 13 of the Constitution.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A unanimous opinion is not required for the Supreme Court to declare a law null and void; a majority decision is sufficient.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Which one of the following jurisdictions of the Indian Judiciary covers Public Interest Litigation? 

  1. Original Jurisdiction

  2. Appellate Jurisdiction

  3. Epistolary Jurisdiction

  4. Advisory Jurisdiction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Epistolary jurisdiction means the power of court i.e., the Supreme Court to convert any letter addressed to it by anybody into a writ and hear the matter. This concept gave rise to the Public Interest Litigation when the judicial activism came into prominence in India during the second half of the 20th Century. It can be said to be a judicial innovation.

Multiple choice current trends of indian history modern indian history general knowledge

Government of India has decided to establish ______ in selected High Courts.

  1. Tax Division

  2. SC/ST Division

  3. Commercial Division

  4. Economic Offence Division
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The government established Commercial Divisions in High Courts to expedite the resolution of high-value commercial disputes and improve the ease of doing business.

Multiple choice civics world after 1945 the united nations (u.n.) united nation organisation (u.n.o) international institutions

Which of the following elect the Judges of the International Court of Justice ?

  1. Economic and Social Council

  2. A meeting of Law Ministers of all countries the world

  3. Security Council and General Assembly

  4. Trusteeship Council and General Assembly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The International Court of Justice is composed of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council. These organs cote simultaneously but separately. In order to be elected, a candidate must receive an absolute majority of the votes in both bodies.

Multiple choice

Which are the two forms of Court in our country?

  1. Crime and Passion

  2. Legal and General

  3. Criminal and Civil

  4. Federal and Supreme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The legal system is primarily divided into Criminal courts, which handle offenses against the state, and Civil courts, which handle disputes between individuals or organizations.

Multiple choice

Writs can be issued by ?

  1. A Village panchayat

  2. Supreme Court

  3. A civil court

  4. A police station
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Under the Indian Constitution, the Supreme Court (Article 32) and High Courts (Article 226) have the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights.

Multiple choice

The power to decide an election petition is vested in the

  1. Parliament

  2. Supreme Court

  3. High courts

  4. Election Commission
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Under the Representation of the People Act, 1951, the jurisdiction to decide election petitions for both Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections lies with the High Court of the respective state.

Multiple choice legal studies the supreme court supreme court and high court of india supreme court the supreme court of india

The term 'jurisdiction' in a federation means _____________.

  1. Law

  2. Area of influence

  3. Sovereignty

  4. Autonomy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Jurisdiction' is the power that a court of law exercises to carry out judgments and enforce laws. The Supreme Court is the protector and the final interpreter of the Constitution. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction as well as advisory jurisdiction.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the highest court in India?

  1. The Supreme Court of India

  2. The High Courts

  3. The District Courts

  4. The Subordinate Courts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in India.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the highest judicial body in India?

  1. The Supreme Court of India

  2. The High Courts

  3. The District Courts

  4. The Subordinate Courts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial body in India.