Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,814 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice civics consumers' awareness consumer protection act of 1986 need for consumer awareness consumer : satisfaction and protection

How do you describe the judicial machinery under COPRA ?

  1. Two-tier quasi-judicial machinery

  2. Three-tier quasi-judicial machinery

  3. Four-tier quasi-judicial machinery

  4. Five-tier quasi-judicial machinery
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The three-tier quasi-judicial machinery under COPRA is: 

National level consumer court 
State level consumer court.
District level consumer court.

Multiple choice civics role of the state government legislature at the state level the legislature vidhan sabha and vidhan parishad

Which one of the following houses of legislatures was the highest court of appeal in the state?

  1. The Senate in the U.S.A.

  2. The Lok Sabha in India

  3. House of Lords in the U.K.

  4. House of Representatives in the U.S.A.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The business of UK Parliament takes place in two Houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Lords is the second chamber of the UK Parliament. It is independent and complements the work of the elected House of Commons. The Lords shares the task of making and shaping laws and checking and challenging the work of the government.

Multiple choice civics role of the state government legislature at the state level the legislature vidhan sabha and vidhan parishad

Mark the incorrect statement (s): 

  1. Advocate-General for the State is a appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of respective High Court

  2. The term of Advocate-General is five years

  3. The Advocate-General holds office at the pleasure of the State Legislature

  4. All are incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Advocate-General is appointed by the Governor (not in consultation with the Chief Justice), holds office at the pleasure of the Governor (not the legislature), and has no fixed term of five years. Since all statements are incorrect, D is the correct choice.

Multiple choice legal studies our judicial system rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Which of the following judicial powers is vested with the Governor?

  1. Appointment of judges of High court.

  2. Removal of judges of High court.

  3. Granting pardon to the one accused in case of death sentence.

  4. None of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The governor does not have the power to remove a high court judge. The Constitution provides that a judge can be removed only by an order of the President, based on a motion passed by both houses of parliament.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

The International Court of Justice consists of _________.

  1. 10 judges

  2. 15 judges

  3. 12 judges

  4. 9 judges
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The International Court of Justice consists of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office. These judges are elected by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council, who vote simultaneously but separately. In order to be elected, a candidate must receive an absolute majority of the votes in both bodies.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

In the Constitution of India, judiciary is ______________.

  1. Independent

  2. Under the control of the Parliament

  3. Under the control of the President

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Independence of the judiciary means that it is not under the control of the legislature or the executive. The judges do not act on the direction of the government or according to the wishes of the party in power. That is why all modern democracies have courts that are independent of the legislature and the executive. India has achieved this. 

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Judiciary plays a crucial role because it is _____________.

  1. Independent

  2. Dependent

  3. Both (a) & (b)

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Independence of the judiciary means that it is not under the control of the legislature or the executive. The judges do not act on the direction of the government or according to the wishes of the party in power. That is why all modern democracies have courts that are independent of the legislature and the executive. India has achieved this. 

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

The highest court in our country is the __________.

  1. Tahasil/Taluka Court

  2. District Court

  3. High Court

  4. Supreme Court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India. It is the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review. It consists of the Chief Justice of India and 30 sanctioned other judges. It has jurisdictions in the three forms: original, appellate and advisory.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

Our country has the benefit of the judiciary at all levels.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The Courts and judicial system in India are divided into 3 categories. The hierarchical structure of the courts is important to make the limitation of court with its jurisdiction and exercise of power. 
The Supreme Court of India is at the top of the hierarchical structure followed by High Courts in the regional level and lower courts( District Courts, Village Courts) at the micro level. 
This benefit of the judiciary is at all levels makes dispensation of justice somewhat easier.
Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

The State High Court Judge takes the oath in front of the Governor.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The High Court judges are appointed by President with the consultation of Chief Justice of India and Governor of the concerned state. Article 219 specifically provides that every person who is appointed to be a judge of High Court shall before entering upon his office make and subscribe before the Governor of the concerned State or some other person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

In a federal form of government, authority to interpret the constitution lies with the ________________.

  1. Judiciary

  2. Parliament

  3. President

  4. Central government
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Judiciary interprets the Constitution as its final arbiter. It is its duty as mandated by the Constitution, to be its watchdog, by calling for scrutiny any act of the legislature or the executive, who otherwise, are free to enact or implement these, from overstepping bounds set for them by the Constitution. It acts like a guardian in protecting the fundamental rights of the people, as enshrined in the Constitution, from infringement by any organ of the state. It also balances the conflicting exercise of power between the centre and a state or among states, as assigned to them by the Constitution.

Multiple choice political science understanding laws rural administration evolution and structure of indian judiciary importance of laws

A judge of the Supreme Court can be removed from his office on the grounds of _____________.

  1. Political views

  2. Religious views

  3. Wrong judgement

  4. His proved misbehaviour or incapacity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Chief Justice and the other Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President to work till they attain 65 years of age. But if a judge of Supreme court is found guilty of misusing his powers or of acting against the provisions of the constitution, he can be impeached and relieved of his office.