Biology

Human Reproduction and Contraception

736 Questions

Human reproduction and contraception focus on the menstrual cycle, hormonal changes, pregnancy, and various contraceptive methods. These topics are frequently asked in general science sections. Practice these questions to master the fundamentals of reproductive health.

Menstrual cycle phasesMenopause and hormonesReproductive health problemsContraceptive methods overview

Human Reproduction and Contraception Questions

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Select out the incorrect statement(s).
A. The zygote undergoes a series of meiotic divisions called cleavage.
B. The zygote is implanted in blastocyst stage on to the uterine wall.
C. The rhythmic contractions of muscles in the uterus occur in the presence of progesterone.
D. The stoppage of menstruation is called menopause.

  1. A only

  2. C and D

  3. A and C

  4. B and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The zygote undergoes series of mitotic divisions to form new cells and the process is known as cleavage. The zygote at the blastocyst stage is implanted into the uterine wall. The contractions of muscles in the uterus during parturition occurs in the presence of oxytocin. The period when the menstrual cycle stops is known as menopause.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Estradiol is responsible for the development of

  1. Primary male characters

  2. Secondary female characters

  3. Primary female characters

  4. Secondary male characters
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Estradiol is responsible for the development of secondary female characters. The hormone that dominates female development is an estrogen called estradiol. Estrogen is responsible for development of the female body and the secondary sexual characters. It helps decelerate height increase in females during puberty, accelerates burning of body fat and reduces muscle bulk. It also stimulates growth of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) during the menstrual cycle, increases uterine growth, improves lubrication of the vagina, and thickens the vaginal wall while increasing blood vessels to the skin.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in animals fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Mature mammalian follicle is known as

  1. Graffian follicle

  2. Ovarian follicle

  3. Corpus luteum

  4. Corpus albicans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The female mammals are characterized by cyclic changes in reproductive tract and ovaries, regulated by some hormones like FSH and LH. Every month, one ovarian follicle matures, ruptures and releases its ovum into the peritoneal cavity and this ovarian follicle is called as Graffian follicle. Therefore, the term Graffian follicle is used for a mature follicle in the mammalian ovary.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

The phase of menstrual cycle in humans that last for 7-8 days, is

  1. Follicular phase

  2. Ovulation phase

  3. Luteal phase

  4. Menstruation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The follicular phase (also known as the proliferative phase) typically lasts from the end of menstruation until ovulation, spanning about 7 to 8 days or longer depending on cycle length. Other phases like ovulation are much shorter, and the luteal phase is generally fixed at 14 days.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

During proliferative phase uterine wall undergoes certain changes, these are _________________.

  1. Myometrium wall is sloughed off

  2. Endometrium wall is sloughed off

  3. Blood vessels in endometrium become long and coiled

  4. Proliferation of myometrial epithelial lining
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During the proliferative phase, the endometrium of the uterus becomes thicker as blood vessels become long and coiled.

So, the correct answer is C.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

Which of the following statements concerning menopause is correct?

  1. Menopause occurs because all of the female's follicles become hormone-producing corpus luteum at once

  2. Menopausal symptoms are a result of decrease in the production of FSH and LH

  3. The onset of menopause is primarily due to follicle atresia

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Follicular atresia means degeneration of follicles. Thus, if all follicles get degenerated at the age of 45-50 years, there will be no ovulation and hence no menstruation which leads to menopause.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

A woman who is not having a menstrual cycle, which one of the following is the most likely root cause of this?

  1. Maintenance of the hypertrophical endometrial lining

  2. Maintenance of high concentration of sex-hormones in the blood stream

  3. Retention of well-developed corpus luteum

  4. Fertilisation of the ovum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When an ovum is fertilized, the corpus luteum is maintained to produce progesterone, which prevents the shedding of the endometrium and thus stops the menstrual cycle. This is the primary biological reason for the cessation of menstruation during pregnancy.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

Though the total number of follicles in the ovaries of a normal young woman is about 4,00,00. The duration between menarche and menopause is limited. This is attributed to the

  1. Follicular atresia

  2. Liquor folliculi

  3. Follicular proliferation

  4. Follicular plasticity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Follicular atresia is the breakdown of the ovarian follicles, which consist of an oocyte surrounded by granulosa cells and internal and external theca cells. This is the reason, the female born with more than 4,00,000 eggs have a limited period between menarche and menopause.

So, the correct option is 'Follicular atresia'

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

In human females, menstrual cycle ceases around $50$ years of age. It is termed as

  1. Menopause

  2. Menarche

  3. Diapause

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In human females endometrium (the innermost layer of the uterus) undergoes cyclical changes every month which is known as menstruation. It starts at the age of puberty, this beginning is called menarche. Human females can only reproduce till 45 to 50 years of age. When the menstruation stops it is called menopause.

So, the correct option is 'menopause'.

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

A $25$ year old female goes to a doctor. She asks the doctor that after $4$ days there is the due date of her menses and she wants to postpone bleeding for some days as she will be engaged in some official work during those days. Which hormone will the doctor advise her to take?

  1. FSH

  2. Oestrogen

  3. Progesterone only

  4. LH only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Progesterone is a hormone which is secreted by the corpus luteum. It is responsible for the maintenance of the endometrium of the uterus. As long as the progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum, the menses does not begin. When the corpus luteum degenerates in the absence of a fertilization event, the progesterone secretion stops and the endometrium starts to break down and menses begin. So, in order to delay the menses, intake of progesterone will be advised because it will prevent the break down of endometrium and menses will not occur.

A. FSH is responsible for the follicular growth in ovarian cells. It is secreted by the pituitary gland.
B. Oestrogen is responsible for synergistic effect with FSH during the menstrual cycle.
C. Progesterone is the endometrium maintaining hormone, so it is also called the pregnancy hormone.
D. LH is secreted by the pituitary gland and it is responsible for the ovulation.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Progesterone only'

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

The time for optimum chances of conception in a woman is starting from the day of menstruation.

  1. 1st day

  2. 4th day

  3. 14th day

  4. 26th day
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is usually about 14 days after the first day of your last period if your cycle is around 28 days long. An egg lives for about 12-24 hours after being released. For pregnancy to happen, the egg must be fertilized by sperm within this time. Sperm can live for up to 7 days inside a woman's body.


So, the correct option is 'Option C, 14th day'.