Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The cells constituting walls of blood capillaries are known as:

  1. endothelial cells

  2. cords

  3. oxyntic cells

  4. plasma cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The endothelial cells form a one-cell-thick walled layer called endothelium that lines all of our blood vessels such as arteries, arterioles, venules, veins, and capillaries. Smooth muscle cells layer beneath the endothelial cells. 

The primary function of endothelium is the maintenance of vessel wall permeability and regulating blood flow. 
So, the correct option is 'Endothelial cells'.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Which is NOT the function of lymph?

  1. Transport R.B.C.s

  2. Drain excess tissue fluid

  3. Transport lymphocyte and antibodies

  4. Transport absorbed fat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lymph is a clear fluid that does NOT transport red blood cells (RBCs). The actual functions of lymph include: draining excess tissue fluid from intercellular spaces, transporting lymphocytes and antibodies for immune function, and transporting absorbed dietary fats from the small intestine via lacteals. Option A is the correct answer as it is NOT a lymph function.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

High blood pressure is called as

  1. Hypotension

  2. Hypermetropia

  3. Hypertension

  4. Myopia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hypertension is the term for high blood pressure when blood pressure is higher than normal (normal 120/80 mmHg). In this measurement 120 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury pressure) is the systolic, or pumping pressure and 80 mm Hg is the diastolic, or resting pressure. If repeated checks of blood pressure of an individual are 140/90 (140 over 90) or higher, it shows hypertension. High blood pressure leads to heart diseases and also affects vital organs like brain and kidney.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following substance acts as stimulator?

  1. vitamins

  2. enzymes

  3. hormones

  4. carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones acts as stimulator. Hormones are essential for every activity of life, including the processes of digestion, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and mood control. Many hormones, such as neurotransmitters, are active in more than one physical process. To release active hormones quickly into the irulation, hormone biosynthetic cells may produce and store biologically inactive hormones in the form of pre- or prohormones. These can then be quickly converted into their active hormone form in response to a particular stimulus.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to :

  1. stimulate the release of milk from the mother's mammary glands when her baby is nursing.

  2. cause the uterus to contract

  3. induce labor

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Functions of oxytocin are: 
(i) It helps uterine muscles to contract and also increases production of prostaglandins
(ii) Sometimes it is given to induce labor if it has not started naturally or it can be used to strengthen contractions to aid childbirth.
(iii) Stimulate the release of milk from the mother's mammary glands.
Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Intercellular communication in multicellular organisms occur through

  1. Digestive system

  2. Nervous system

  3. Both-nervous and endocrine systems

  4. Respiratory system only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Multicellular organisms coordinate their activities using both the nervous system (fast, electrical) and the endocrine system (slower, chemical).

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

One function of parasympathetic nervous system is

  1. Contraction of rectum

  2. Inhibits salivation

  3. Acceleration of heart beat

  4. Constriction of pupil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The parasympathetic nervous system, or PSNS, is a part of the nervous system. The nervous system sends signals to and from different parts of the body via nerves. The PSNS is responsible for all the activities that take place when the body is at rest. During a period of flight and fight, the pupils dilate to allow us to see more clearly and make faster decisions. During rest and digest, the PSNS causes the pupils to constrict.

So, the correct option is ' Constriction of pupil '.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

The two systems exerting opposite influence on the same organ/organs are 

  1. Endocrine and exocrine glands.

  2. Muscular and nervous systems.

  3. Endocrine and nervous systems.

  4. Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system controls the fight response in the body. The parasympathetic nervous system controls the feed and breed activities of the body. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) acts as an antagonist to the action of the parasympathetic nervous system(PNS) and the PNS acts as an antagonist to the action of SNS.

So, the correct option is 'Sympathetic and Parasympathetic'

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Function of sympathetic system is to

  1. Decrease heart beat

  2. Increase heart beat

  3. Contract respiratory organ

  4. Secrete saliva
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sympathetic branch of our autonomic nervous system originates in the spinal cord. It goes into action to prepare the body for physical or mental activity. Its general action is to mobilize the body in a fight response. It increases muscle blood flow and tension, dilates pupils, accelerates heart rate and respiration, and increases perspiration and arterial blood pressure. To conserve and concentrate energy, it slows down digestive activity.

Multiple choice organization of commerce and management recruitment methods meaning, nature, methods and sources of recruitment meaning, sources and methods of recruitment meaning and definition of recruitment

Bone of contention, inbreeding are ________ .

  1. merits of recruitment

  2. demerits of recruiment

  3. source of recruitment

  4. methods of recruitment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bone of contention (conflict) and inbreeding (hiring from limited pools) are recognized demerits of recruitment practices that can harm organizational effectiveness. These issues create internal friction and reduce diversity. They are not merits, sources, or methods but rather negative consequences.