Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

How may neurosensory cells be present in each taste buds?

  1. 1

  2. 2- 4

  3. 5- 15

  4. 20- 30
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

There are small elevated cells in the tongue which are called as the taste buds. There are the receptor or the neurosensory cells in these taste buds. There are about 5-15 neurosensory cells in each taste bud. There are cilia-like structures on one end and there are nerve fibres which extend from the other end to the brain. There are taste buds for the detection of different type of taste like sweet, sour, bitter, etc.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Gustatory receptors are specialized in detecting

  1. Taste

  2. Light

  3. Smell

  4. Touch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gustatory receptors are also called taste receptors. Taste receptors recognize five basic tastes such as salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Salty and sour tastes are detected with the help of ion channels in the tongue. Sweet, bitter, and umami tastes are detected with the help of G protein-coupled taste receptors. 

Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Taste buds are present on:

  1. small projection found on the upper surface of tongue

  2. small projection found on the lower surface of tongue

  3. on both the surface of tongue

  4. behind the tongue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Taste buds are located within the papillae, which are the small projections found on the upper surface of the tongue.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Which of the following sensations located at the back portion of the tongue?

  1. Sweet

  2. Bitter

  3. Sour

  4. Salt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Human taste buds are distributed across specific regions of the tongue, though with some overlap. The sensation of bitterness is primarily localized and detected by specialized receptors located at the back portion of the tongue.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Rough texture of the tongue is due to

  1. Muscosa

  2. Toongue bud

  3. Papillae

  4. Receptor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The rough texture of the tongue surface is caused by papillae, which are small nipple-like projections on the tongue epithelium. These include fungiform, filiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae, with filiform papillae being the most numerous and responsible for the tongue's rough surface texture.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

The function of tongue is to

  1. Help in the act of swallowing

  2. Help in mixing saliva with the food

  3. Help in digestion of food

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The function of the tongue is to help in the act of swallowing and help in mixing saliva with the food. It is a muscular organ in the mouth. It is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech. It consists of eight interwoven, striated muscles that can move in any direction, making it quite flexible. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Identify the taste receptor of sweet taste.

  1. ENaC

  2. T2Rs

  3. PCKD channel

  4. T1R2 + T1R3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called papillae, some of which bear taste buds.
  • About 50 -150 taste cells are found in a taste bud. These cells detect all 4 tastes i.e sweet, sour, salty and bitter
  • The taste buds for "sweet" are on the tip of the tongue and have sweet receptors such as T1R2 + T1R3. These receptors have the ability to sense sweet taste and send signals to the brain.
  • So, the correct answer is 'T1R2 + T1R3.'.
Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Most of our cells are surrounded by- 

  1. Blood

  2. Fluid equivalent to seawater in salt composition

  3. Interstitial fluid

  4. Pure water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
It is the main component of the extracellular fluid and transcellular fluid. The interstitial fluid is found in the spaces between cells or the tissue spaces.It consists of a water solvent containing sugars, salts, fatty acids, amino acids, coenzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, white blood cells and waste products from the cell.The composition of tissue fluid depends upon the exchanges between the cells in the biological tissue and the blood. 
So, the correct answer is Interstitial Fluid."

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Which of the following is the function of lymph?

  1. Lymph keeps the body cells moist.

  2. Lymph takes lymphocytes and antibodies from the lymph nodes to the blood.

  3. Lymph maintains the volume of the blood.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Lymph is the fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system. It is a clear-to-white fluid made of White blood cells, especially lymphocytes, the cells that attack bacteria in the blood. It performs multiple functions inside our bodies. It takes lymphocyte and antibodies from the lymph nodes to the blood. It also keeps the cells moist by maintaining the blood volume.
The interstitial fluid is absorbed into the lymph vessels and again it is added to blood from the lymph, and in turn, regulates the blood volume.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Red pulp and white pulp are histological structure found in

  1. Tooth

  2. Spleen

  3. Bone

  4. Liver
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Spleen is the largest lymph node of body. A special type of connective tissue is filled in spleen, which is called pulp. Splenic pulp has two parts - white pulp and red pulp. The white pulp is scattered in the form of patches of long and irregular sized lymphatic endothelium. The meshes of this network are studded with numerous splenic cells and lymphocytes. The red pulp forms major part of spleen. It is reddish in colour due to excessive RBCs. It is made up of venous sinuses. Red pulp of spleen contains erythrocytes and blood filled sinuses.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Which of the following is not a function of lymph?

  1. Supplies oxygen and prevents spreading of infections

  2. Returns proteins to the blood

  3. Absorbs vitamins and minerals

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lymph supplies oxygen, nutrients, hormones, etc to the cells and removes metabolic wastes from the cells. It destroys microorganisms in the lymph nodes and prevents spreading of infections. It absorbs and transports fat, fat soluble vitamins and minerals from intestine. It maintains the volume of blood. It returns proteins and fluids to the blood. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.