Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice evs - i excretion in living organisms other systems in the body excretory system in human human excretory organs

Renal physiology was described by

  1. Ludwig

  2. Krebs

  3. Walter

  4. Claude
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Renal physiology was described by Ludwig. Renal physiology is the study of the physiology of the kidney.

This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small molecules; regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; regulation of fluid balance and blood pressure; maintenance of acid-base balance; the production of various hormones including erythropoietin, and the activation of vitamin D.

Multiple choice evs excretion in living organisms other systems in the body excretory system in human human excretory organs

The liver is

  1. A reddish brown

  2. A reddish

  3. A brown

  4. Cream coloured
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The liver is a large, meaty organ that sits on the right side of the belly. Weighing about 3 pounds, the liver is reddish-brown in color and feels rubbery to the touch. The liver has two large sections, called as the right and the left lobes. The gallbladder sits under the liver, along with parts of the pancreas and intestines. The liver and these organs work together to digest, absorb, and process food. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology animal tissue types of neuron nervous tissue neural tissues

What is the function of nerve cells?

  1. Nerve cells receive messages from different parts of the body.

  2. Nerves transfer the messages to the brain.

  3. Brain send commands for the functioning of different organs of the body via nerves.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nerve cells carry out different function as, to receive the message from within or outside of the body, to transfer the messages from body part to the brain, to carry the signal from the brain to different parts of the body. Thus nerve cell helps the brain in control and coordination of the body.
Therefore, option D is correct. 

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following function does the lipid bilayer component of the cell membrane not provide for the cell?

  1. Controls the exchange of matter and chemical information between one cell and adjacent cells or the environment

  2. Provides an impermeable, self-sealing membrane capable of dividing or fusing the cell without breaking

  3. Provides the matrix into which proteins are inserted that facilitate the exchange of matter between the inside and outside of the cell

  4. Clearly defines a boundary preventing an equilibrium between the outside and inside of the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The lipid bilayer of the cell membrane does not completely isolate the cell from its surrounding instead, it is a semipermeable membrane with pores and receptors that allows a selective exchange of material and information between the environment inside and the outside the cell.
So, the correct answer is 'Provides an impermeable, self-sealing membrane capable of dividing or fusing the cell without breaking'.
Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

Read the statements given below.
(1) The element which is very important for the production of thyroxine is iodine.
(2) Vitamin ${B _6}$ is otherwise known as niacin or nicotinic acid.
(3) Fructose is a monosaccharide and is a hexose sugar.
(4) Globulin is an example for a conjugated protein.
Of the above statements

  1. 1, 2 and 3 are correct but 4 is wrong.

  2. 1 and 3 are correct but 2 and 4 are wrong.

  3. 1 and 2 are correct but 3 and 4 are wrong.

  4. 1 is correct while 2, 3 and 4 are wrong.

  5. 1, 3 and 4 are correct but 2 is wrong.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine is an essential mineral element. It is required for production of hormones thyroxine by thyroid glands. Deficiency of thyroxine causes swelling of thyroid or goitre. It's deficiency also leads to mental retardation, increased abortions, still births and infant deaths. Vitamin B$ _{6}$ is otherwise known as pyridoxine. It is a component of coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate. Fructose is a hexose monosaccharide ketose sugar abundant in fruits. Globulins are a family of globular proteins. Mostly they are simple storage proteins which are soluble in dilute salt solution and coagulated by heat example arachin of groundnut, legumin of pulses, vitellin of egg yolk etc.

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

Fattyness is due to the excess of

  1. Connective tissue

  2. Blood

  3. Muscular tissue

  4. Adipose tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In animals, body stores excess carbohydrates as fats. Fats are stored around visceral organs and underneath the skin as adipose tissue. Excess deposition of fats underneath the skin in adipose tissue gives rise to obesity. Obesity leads to a number of life style diseases and disorders like hypertension, diabetes, joint pain etc.

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

The six major elements constitute body mass 

  1. 85%

  2. 92%

  3. 98%

  4. 99.4%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Almost 98% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.


So, the correct option is '98%'.

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

It is believed that height of a child depends upon the genes inherited from parents. However, it is often seen that tall parents may have short children and vice-versa. Are there factors other than genes, that can cause these variations?

  1. Yes, nutrition can be a factor.

  2. No, it can be an other cause.

  3. Ambiguous.

  4. Data insufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Growing taller and nutrition are closely correlated. The process of cell division and their development requires an adequate supply of energy, amino acids, water, lipids, vitamins and minerals. With food, people receive about 50 essential nutrients for growth. Inadequate amounts of food or too low caloric food is the primary cause for growth failure, especially when the growth velocity is high in children. 

Multiple choice zoology our health introduction to health and disease health and its failure health and its significance

Health regulates the level of .......... efficiency of living organisms.

  1. Regulatory

  2. Metabolic

  3. Strength

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Health is the ability of an individual to adjust according to the social and environmental conditions. A healthy person has a high metabolic rate as compared to an unhealthy person. The fluctuation in the metabolic rate causes disease.

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

The main function of white blood cells is

  1. To help red blood cells in the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

  2. To clot the blood at the time of injuries.

  3. To accelerate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

  4. To defend the body against infections.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells(WBCs) are the body's defense systems. They attack foreign bodies that invaded the blood or any part of the body. Foreign bodies like the bacteria, viruses and the fungi rendering them less invasive and even destroys them. They are cells involved in the “inflammatory” response. This response develops when tissue is damaged or invaded by microbes. Neutrophils specialize is killing bacteria. Eosinophils kill parasites. Monocytes control inflammation by releasing cytokines. Lymphocytes recognize and destroy cells infected by viruses or transplanted foreign cells. 

So, the correct option is 'To defend the body against infections'

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Function of pineal gland is to 

  1. Control sexual behaviour

  2. Regulate period of puberty

  3. Lighter skin colour

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Pineal gland is a small, stalked and rounded gland present on the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin hormone which regulates many important functions in the body like circadian rhythm of the body, sleep-wake cycle, body temperature etc. It also regulates pigmentation and control sexual behaviour. Melatonin also influences menstrual cycle. In man, at the time of puberty, pineal gland starts to get calcified and the calcium deposits are known as brain sand. Thus, it also regulate puberty period.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

The function of pineal body is to.

  1. Lighten the skin colour

  2. Control sexual behaviour

  3. Regulate the period of puberty

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pineal body is a very small, reddish-grey, vascular, conical, solid body located in the brain. It secretes a hormone named melatonin. Melatonin concentrates pigment granules in the melanocytes, making the skin colour lighter in certain animals. It also regulates the functioning of gonads, thus, controls, sexual behaviour and regulates the period of puberty.

Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Mucosal living of which organ differ from others in concern with number of layer of cell (simple/strtified)?

  1. Stomach

  2. Small intestine

  3. PCT

  4. Oesophagus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The proximal convoluted tubule(PCT) of the nephron in the kidney has microvilli. Thus, it has 2 mucosal linings whereas rest others have only one mucosal lining. So, the correct answer is 'PCT'.