Tag: pituitary gland and pineal gland

Questions Related to pituitary gland and pineal gland

The recently discovered hormone, melatonin is derived from serotonin which is synthesised by

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Adrenal gland

  2. Pineal gland

  3. Thymus gland

  4. Thyroid gland

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain. It produces melatonin, a serotonin derived hormone, that affects the modulation of sleep patterns in both seasonal and circadian rhythms.

Pineal body originates from

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Dorsal part of diencephalon

  2. Ventral part of diencephalon

  3. Ventral part of cerebellum

  4. Dorsal part of cerebellum

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The diencephalon is the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures including the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and pineal gland. The pineal gland arises as a dorsal outgrowth of the caudal portion of the diencephalon. In the adult animal, it lies in the midline of the roof of the third ventricle. 

According to recent knowledge, the pineal body is considered as

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. A vestigial organ

  2. An organ of intelligence

  3. An endocrine gland

  4. An organ of involuntary action

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Correct Option: C

Serotonin is secreted from

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. $\alpha $- cells

  2. $\beta $- cells

  3. $\delta $- cells

  4. Enterochromaffin cells

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Serotonin is the hormone that contributes the feeling of well being and happiness in animals including humans. It is basically derived from tryptophan and is located in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), blood platelets and central nervous system. 90% of the total serotonin is primarily located in GI tract in Enterochromaffin cells and used for regulation of intestinal movements. Hence, answer D is correct.

"Pinealocytes cells" occurs in 

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Pineal body

  2. Pituitary gland

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Thyroid gland

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pinealocytes are the main cells contained in the pineal gland, located behind the third ventricle and between the two hemispheres of the brain. The primary function of the pinealocytes is the secretion of the hormone melatonin, important in the regulation of circadian rhythms.

Which one of the following endocrine glands functions as a biological clock and neurosecretory transducer? 

zoology control and coordination in living organisms pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Adrenal gland

  2. Thyroid gland

  3. Pineal gland

  4. Thymus gland

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The pineal gland or epiphysis synthesizes and secretes melatonin hormone, that communicates information about environmental lighting to various parts of the body. It is attached to the roof of third ventricle in the rear part of brain. It functions as a biological clock and a neurosensory transducer, converting the neural information.  

Pineal gland is located on the 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Ventral side of forebrain

  2. Lateral side of forebrain

  3. Dorsal side of forebrain

  4. Ventral side of midbrain

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Correct Option: C

Serotonin and Melatonin are hormones, secreted by.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Pancreas

  2. Pineal body

  3. Pituitary gland

  4. Thymus

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Correct Option: B

Daily rhythms are associated with

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Pituitary gland

  2. Thymus

  3. Pineal gland

  4. Hypothalamus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
B. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
C. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones. Melatonin is derived from amino acid tryptophan and secreted from pineal gland. It regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature etc. and also affects metabolism and pigmentation.
D. Hypothalamus is present in the forebrain. This gland secretes hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of pituitary gland. 
Hence, daily rhythms are associated with pineal gland. 
So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.

Which of the following statements is correct?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Argentaffin cells produce serotonin

  2. Villikinin is secreted by large intestine

  3. In cheilosis, deficient nutrient is nicotinamide

  4. Bleeding disease occurs due to deficiency of vitamin E

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Correct Option: A