Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice biology locomotion and movements introduction to locomotion skeleton and joints movement in animals

Major functions served by human skeleton are

  1. Support and movement

  2. Storage of ions

  3. Production of blood cells

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. 
  • The skeletal system performs vital functions like support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation that enable us to survive. Hence, Major functions served by human skeleton are Support and movement, Storage of ions and Production of blood cells.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology locomotion and movements introduction to locomotion skeleton and joints movement in animals

The functions of axial skeleton are

  1. To make locomotion possible

  2. Protect organs of excretion

  3. Protect organs of digestion

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The axial skeleton supports and protects the brain, spinal cord and many of the internal organs. 
  • It also provides sites for the attachment of other bones and muscles in the body, protect organs to excrete and digestion and also protects the nerves and blood vessels from the brain and spinal cord. Hence, The functions of the axial skeleton are To make locomotion possible, Protect the organs of excretion and Protect organs of digestion. 
    • So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.


Multiple choice

What is the function of the white blood cell?

  1. It defends against infections and harmful bacteria

  2. It takes away carbon dioxide from your blood

  3. It stops you from dying of food poisoning

  4. It doesn't exist-obviously!
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells, or leukocytes, are a primary component of the immune system and are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens.

Multiple choice

What is the function of the cell membrane?

  1. It helps keep shape of the cell

  2. Controls the cells activities

  3. A place where many chemical reactions happen

  4. It controls substances entering and leaving the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cell membrane is a semi-permeable barrier that regulates the passage of substances, such as nutrients and waste, into and out of the cell.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids derived lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells cell membrane

Function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is?

  1. Synthesis of lipid

  2. Synthesis of minerals

  3. Synthesis of protein

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Its main functions are the synthesis of lipids, steroid hormones, the detoxification of harmful metabolic byproducts and the storage and metabolism of calcium ions within the cell. The smooth ER is distinguished from the other parts of the endoplasmic reticulum by the absence of membrane-bound ribosomes.

Thus A is the correct option. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry human body and organ system role of blood in transport function of blood body fluid

Which of the following is correct function of blood?

  1. It maintains pH of the body.

  2. It regulates hunger and thirst.

  3. It controls the release of hormones.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Blood iѕ аlѕо a regulator оf mаnу factors in the body. It oversees the temperature оf the bоdу аnd maintains it tо a level that iѕ tolerated bу thе bоdу with ease. Blood iѕ аlѕо responsible fоr controlling thе concentration оf Hydrogen ions in thе body, whiсh аrе аlѕо knоwn аѕ pH balance. Thе administration оf thе levels оf water аnd salt required bу еасh cell оf thе bоdу аlѕо falls undеr thе regulation duties оf blood. An anоthеr regulatory task performed bу blood iѕ tо control thе blood pressure аnd restrict it undеr a nоrmаl range.


So, the correct option is 'It maintains pH of the body'.

Multiple choice biology locomotion and movement locomotion in animals bones and movements muscle contraction types of muscles muscles

${Ca}^{2+}$ and ${Mg}^{2+}$ ions 

  1. Reduce excitability of nerves and muscles.

  2. Increase excitability of nerves and muscles.

  3. Conduct nerve impulses.

  4. Both B and C.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

High calcium and magnesium ion concentration decrease the excitability of the muscle fiber membrane by raising the threshold to stimulation, while a low level of the calcium and magnesium ions increase the excitability of muscles fibers. 
So, the correct answer is A.
Multiple choice biology control and co-ordination in plants and animals voluntary and involuntary movements impulse and its transmission coordination in human beings- nervous control

The function of the gap junction is to

  1. Performing cementing to keep neighbouring cells together

  2. Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules

  3. Separates two cells from each other

  4. Stop substance from leaking across a tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A. Desmosomes perform cementing to keep the neighbouring cells together. It serve anchoring function.
B. Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules,
C. No such junction is present.
D. Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across the tissue. 
So, the correct answer is 'Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules'.
Multiple choice biology biology : an introduction introduction to organization of life signs of life what is living?

Homeostasis is achieved by .......... adaptation.

  1. Morphological

  2. Physiological

  3. Behavioural

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Homoeostasis is the process that helps to maintain an equilibrium between the processes or the concentration of the fluid inside and outside the body.
  • The process of homeostasis can be achieved by morphological adaptation in the form of gills or through physiological adaptation by a change in temperature or through behavioral adaptation to survive in extreme conditions. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology biology : an introduction introduction to organization of life signs of life what is living?

It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal because

  1. the efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in small animals

  2. it is easier to carry small body weight

  3. smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate
  4. small animals have a lower $O _2$ requirement.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Metabolic rate is directly proportional to the size of an animal. Larger the animal, lower is the metabolic rate.
Small animals can run uphill than a large animal because of their fast metabolic rate.
So, the correct option is 'smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate'
Multiple choice biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Which of the following helps human beings in producing sounds?

  1. The eardrum

  2. The auditory nerve

  3. The optical cortex

  4. The vocal cords
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The larynx is known as voice box or sound producing organ. A pair of membranous folds called vocal cords, stretch across the laryngeal cavity. In normal condition, the vocal cords lie apart so that the glottis remains widely open to allow free passage of respiratory air. For sound production, vocal cords come close together, they vibrate when air rushes out through glottis and produce voice.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The main function of the colon (large intestine) of mammals
is to

  1. Temporarily store of excretory products

  2. Absorb water from undigested food

  3. Absorb digested food

  4. Digest cellulose

  5. Produce enzymes used in other parts of the alimentary

    canal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of the colon is absorption of much of the water from undigested food and leaving the solid material as faeces.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Apart from water what is secreted by the large intestine?

  1. K+

  2. Na+

  3. Cl-

  4. Both A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The large intestine also secretes K+ and Cl-. Chloride secretion increases in cystic fibrosis. Recycling of various nutrients takes place in colon. Examples include fermentation of carbohydrates, short chain fatty acids and urea cycling.